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The Queensland Agenda

Campbell Newman participated in The Queensland Agenda OurSay in January, where you asked the questions in the lead up to the Queensland election. His responses to the three most popular submissions can be found on our blog at blog.oursay.org.

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Will you promise to immediately halt Fluoridation if you form government in Queensland? Anna Bligh was demonstrably wrong when she stated "There is no evidence that any disease or illness or condition is more prevalent in Townsville, or Sydney or Melbourne than it is in any city without fluoride." http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1SB1_0_L3Q Townsville Health Service District residents, Fluoridated for over 40 years, are admitted at a higher rate than people from other parts of Queensland for potentially avoidable conditions including asthma, congestive heart failure, convulsions and epilepsy, congestive obstructive pulmonary disease, dental conditions (***), ear, nose and throat conditions, and pyelonephritis. http://www.health.qld.gov.au/townsville/Documents/executive/e_csp_bgp3_demogr.pdf A number of these diseases are associated with and/or exacerbated by Fluoride, see www.fluoridealert.org In a community forum in 2005, you, as the then Brisbane Lord Mayor Mr Campbell Newman, said you would not support water fluoridation because a third of residents rejected mass medication. You also said "It's up to medical and dental professional associations to make the case. In 1997 they had the opportunity to make their case and the results show they were not able to do that." You have also stated you want to save taxpayers hundreds of millions of dollars wasted on Labor schemes such as Fluoridation.
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Pro-fluoridation extremists will do anything to keep this dangerously corrosive & cumulative toxic waste pollutant (fluorosilicic acid/silicofluorides & co-contaminants of mercury, lead, arsenic, cadmium et al) in the water supplies - 'fluoridation is big dental business’ or they wouldn't be fighting so hard to keep it - more dental practices than ever & Fluoridation was supposed to reduce need for them - capital cities 'fluoridated' for decades have huge numbers of dentists, general dentists, cosmetic dentists & dental implants - large corporations of dentists - when fluoridation was first introduced in Tasmania the President of the ADA made a statement, that fluoridation is so effective it'll put dentists out of business, we have seen the exact opposite and a huge growth in the dental industry - and a dental crises occurring despite long term fluoridation - but 'fluoridation' is fluorosilicic acid/silicofluorides used in many industries incl. glass etching et al anyone who promotes these dangerously corrosive and cumulative toxic waste pollutants & co-contaminants of lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium is either completely and utterly an idiot or they have some interest, financial or otherwise in the promotion of this health and environmental destroyer. There is more than enough evidence from highly credible experts to re-sink the Titanic, despite from Premier Bligh says and all those parroting their regurgitated standard phrase that it's safe and effective = it is not safe and effective and no evidence of safety exists THERE IS NONE - the people have been lab rates for up to 60 years and with the burgeoning sickness industry unable to cope with hospitals bursting at the seams and long waiting lists - and public dental lists long long long, provide AFFORDABLE DENTAL CARE SERVICES for all the population NOT fluorosilicic acid/silicofluoride poisoned water supplies which of course, also contaminates all our foods, beverages, alcohol et al - this poison 'fluoride' in the water does no good and all harm and must be removed immediately, permanently and irrevocably forever more - this is the only way for a healthier population and environment but also a safer one in so far as the link with silicofluorides ('water fluoridation chemicals which are the toxic waste from industries & co-contaminants of lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium et al) and violence and criminality of which we have seen a dramatic surge in this since Brisbane, Gold Coast and surrounding areas were fluorosilicic acid/silicofluoride poisoning (aka 'fluoridated') in December, 2008.

From 1999 - Extract: HIGHLIGHTS IN NORTH AMERICAN LITIGATION DURING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY ON ARTIFICIAL FLUORIDATION OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES JOHN REMINGTON GRAHAM* AND PIERRE-JEAN MORIN** Our members review of evidence over the last eleven years, including animal and human epidemiology studies, indicate a causal link between fluoride/fluoridation and cancer, genetic damage, neurological impairment, and bone pathology. Of particular concern are recent epidemiology studies linking fluoride exposures to lower I.Q. in children. As professionals who are charged with assessing the safety of drinking water, we conclude that the health and welfare of the public are not served by the addition of this substance to the public water supply.230 If artificial fluoridation of public water supplies causes cancer in man, as the published laboratory studies and epidemiological surveys indicate, and as judicial findings confirm, then nobody should be surprised to see that it produces a host of other human ailments. Who should be surprised to learn that dumping a carcinogen and mutagen in public drinking water has not only been accompanied by devastating increases in cancer mortality, but may also reduce human intelligence? The end of fluoridation will take time, but not because time is necessary to develop essential scientific information. We already know enough to appreciate the enormity of the risk. We knew enough many years ago. But the end will finally arrive, because, as Aristotle said at the beginning of the Metaphysics, all men by nature desire to know.231 Ignorance cannot be perpetuated forever. The necessary legal and scientific reforms will come in the twenty-first century. Our descendants will look back on us, and they will be amazed.

From 1997 WHY I CHANGED MY MIND ABOUT WATER FLUORIDATION John Colquhoun* (Dentist & became Principal Dental Officer - Auckland NZ) © 1997 University of Chicago Press Former Advocate To explain how I came to change my opinion about water fluoridation, I must go back to when I was an ardent advocate of the procedure. I now realize that I had learned, in my training in dentistry, only one side of the scientific controversy over fluoridation. I had been taught, and believed, that there was really no scientific case against fluoridation, and that only misinformed lay people and a few crackpot professionals were foolish enough to oppose it. I recall how, after I had been elected to a local government in Auckland (New Zealand's largest city, where I practised dentistry for many years and where I eventually became the PRINCIPAL DENTAL OFFICER) I had fiercely — and, I now regret, rather arrogantly — poured scorn on another Council member (a lay person who had heard and accepted the case against fluoridation) and persuaded the Mayor and majority of my fellow councillors to agree to fluoridation of our water supply. To my surprise, they showed that fewer fillings had been required in the nonfluoridated part of my district than in the fluoridated part. When I obtained the same statistics from the districts to the north and south of mine — that is, from "Greater Auckland," which contains a quarter of New Zealand's population — the picture was the same: tooth decay had declined, but there was virtually no difference in tooth decay rates between the fluoridated and non fluoridated places. In fact, teeth were slightly better in the nonfluoridated areas. Full document: http://www.fluoride-journal.com/98-31-2/312103.htm

Some of the many notable Professionals:- Hip fracture major cause disease & death in persons 65+ years old & because all 4 statistically significant studies for hip fracture rates in people 65+ reported in York Review find increased risk of hip fracture with water fluoridation - WATER FLUORIDATION MUST BE DISCONTINUED. Of these 4 statistically significant studies, study reported in York Review as most likely to be true & free from bias, Jacqmin-Gadda (1998), projects 2 &1 half times more hip fractures for people 65+ with water fluoridation. Lawyer DR MARK DIESENDORF I have researched the fluoridation issue on and off for 30 years and have published scholarly papers on it in leading scientific and public health journals. My conclusions that ingested fluoride is ineffective in reducing dental caries and is a chronic low-level poison which is particularly damaging to bones in the long-term. It should be discontinued forthwith. The American Academy of Environmental Medicine (AAEM): 1. Supports banning the addition of fluoride or products containing fluoride to public water supplies and to any substances intended for human consumption. 2. Supports the efforts of the International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology (IAOMT) and like-minded organizations in addition to any legislative efforts that effectively reduce the environmental and human exposure to fluoride. FLUORIDE SENSIVITY – PART 1 **FLUORIDE 1993; Volume 26; Pages 267-273 ALLERGY AND HYPERSENSITIVITY TO FLUORIDE BY BRUCE SPITTLE, M.D. Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand) INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF ORAL MEDICINE & TOXICOLOGY IAOMT Position on Fluoridation In IAOMT's ongoing examination of the TOXICOLOGICAL DATA ON FLUORIDE, the Academy has made several preliminary determinations over the last 18 years, each concluding that fluoride added to the public water supply, or prescribed as controlled-dose supplements, delivers no discernible health benefit, and causes a higher incidence of adverse health effects. The International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology performed the task of reviewing fluoride in a comprehensive , scientific and unbiased manner in accordance with criteria established to assure the protection of the public safety. The International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology review of fluoride and resulting PHG of zero is the only acceptable systemic exposure level to this common xenobiotic. Submitted by: DAVID C. KENNEDY, DDS C. IAOMT January, 2003. SAMUEL S. EPSTEIN, M.D. PROFESSOR EMERITUS ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, and Chairman, Cancer Prevention Coalition. I strongly support EDM 1258 opposing fluoridation of water. Fluoride used for this purpose comes from highly contaminated industrial grade fluorosilicic wastes; contaminants include heavy metals.

ZOO ELEPHANTS WERE EUTHANIZED AFTER 6 YEARS OF ALUMINUM FLUORIDE WATER CONSUMPTION Richard Sauerheber, Ph.D. (B.A. Biology, Ph.D. Chemistry, University of California, San Diego) Palomar College, 1140 W. Mission Rd., San Marcos, CA 92069 Email: richsauerheb@hotmail.com Phone: 760-744-2547 January 11, 2012 Dear Anthony Young, San Diego City Council, Mayor Sanders, and Attorney Dumanis, As a concerned San Diego native I write again to help you understand your rights regarding the use of substances in water to treat citizens of the city. All Water Districts in the U.S. who treat people with industrial fluorides for any putative effect on teeth via the bloodstream after ingestion are responsible for measuring the fluoride level in the blood of citizens they decide to treat. The burden of quality control is on the utilites that administer the agent, not the consumer who is forced to ingest it. The target blood level stated by the Oral Health Division dental officials within the CDC is 0.2 ppm fluoride [1], but neither the OHD dentists nor most city utilities understand that blood fluoride levels depend on water hardness. People consuming Seattle ultra-soft water (10 ppm calcium) have levels above 0.2 ppm in blood, and water chemists there add calcium chloride along with the fluoridation chemicals to help minimize assimilation [2]. In hard water Texas (safe 300 ppm calcium antidote), where the idea of 'water fluoridation' first began, the blood level is below 0.2 ppm. San Diego water (labeled 'soft' by water districts) has a calcium to fluoride ratio of only about 60 mg calcium per 0.8 mg fluoride. Animal studies show the blood level of fluoride was lowered 4 fold when calcium was administered along with sodium fluoride, compared to sodium fluoride alone. Those who believe the false claim, that fluoride consumption is harmless long-term, regardless of all the published human and animal studies proving otherwise, do not explain how fluoride, that crosses the blood brain barrier [3] and accumulates in bone permanently [4], somehow magically avoids having any effect on systemic biologic functions. How does this happen? The answer of course is that fluoride indeed causes harm. Look at the 41% of 12-15 year olds in the U.S. having permanent abnormal tooth fluorosis that prevents a normal smile [4]. They are not smiling, and neither are San Diego residents voting against the injections who know the truth, that industrial fluorides are all toxic calcium chelators [5]. Unfortunately after 6 years of consuming aluminum fluoride treated municipal water, the former show elephants of the Wild Animal Park were finally euthanized at the San Diego Zoo this week [6]. One was unable to walk and the other had also deteriorated after both became mentally unstable and unable to follow tasks in the shows that were canceled a few years after the Park began accepting treated municipal water in 2005. The Park was told in 2005 they would not receive the treated water, but the Park's utility, the San Pasqual Water District, arranged for the city of Escondido to provide the water that is treated with aluminum and with industrial fluoride [7], thinking without evidence that the water would be healthy for elephants, not realizing their large body to brain volume ratio. Show elephants consume copious amounts of water because of their daily activity level, over 60 gallons daily, and do not have kidneys designed to remove aluminum fluoride at an intake rate that high. They developed mental aberrations that are known to occur in laboratory animals given aluminum fluoride water at such levels for long time periods [3, 4], including inability to walk from motor brain degeneration. The problem is that aluminum and fluoride together in the acidic stomach form complexes that are assimilated into the bloodstream, causing aluminum accumulation in brain [4]. Aluminum in water without industrial fluoride is not assimilated. The elephants were transferred to the San Diego Zoo and have been treated with industrial fluoride water again since January of last year. The elephants' mental deficiencies, being unable to wander around freely in the enclosure, never improved until they were euthanized. Zoo veterinarians do not acknowledge the role played by aluminum fluoride in these animals' demise, nor are they trained in fluoride toxicology, and neither has a satisfactory explanation for this been found by them. It is necessary for city officials to request blood testing of citizens in San Diego that are under your care to verify that the target fluoride blood level is maintained with this new radical water district treatment. Remember that the CA law, that requests 'fluoridation,' does not mention the fluoride source of choice nor does it provide protocols for our local water, having only 60 ppm calcium, to achieve a desired blood level of 0.2 ppm fluoride. The CA Dept. of Health merely suggests what the OHD suggests, to use synthetic industrial hazardous waste fluosilicic acid diluted to '1 ppm' free fluoride, making no mention of adjustments for water calcium or aluminum content! It must be emphasized again that both the CDC and the CA Dept. of Health, in detailed letters to me, made it perfectly clear that the city itself bears all responsibility and all liability for the injections designed to treat citizens in San Diego; and monitoring the health effects of animals by either agency is out of the question. Is it time to halt these injections? Of course it is. The FDA has never approved ingestion of fluoride because it is not a mineral nutrient and in water is an uncontrolled use of a non FDA-approved drug. When added intentionally into water, the FDA decreed fluoride is an unapproved drug. When accidentally or naturally found in water, both the FDA and EPA rule fluoride is a contaminant. We expect the FDA to ban the intentional injection of fluorides, or to bar the OHD from requesting the injections, soon. But nevertheles in the meantime, cities bear all liability for the injection of fluoride into citizens through public water supplies and because of that fact alone have full legal authority to halt the injections. If you would like additional information to help protect citizens of San Diego from this industrial chemical taken internally, or references or letters from the CDC, FDA, CA DPH or other items, please do not hesitate to contact me. Richard Sauerheber, Ph.D. References: [1] Personal communication and e-mail from Donald Nelson, while chief fluoridation officer, CA Department of Health, Sacramento, CA. [2] Online statements of chemists at the Seattle Water District. [3] Varner, Brain Research, 1986; Mullenix, Journal of Neurology and Teratology, 1995; Reddy, Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences, 2011; most data reviewed in [4]. [4] Connett, P.et.al., The Case Against Fluoride, 2010. [5] Yiamouyiannis, J., Fluoride, the Aging Factor,1986. [6] Perry, T., Zoo Euthanizes Zoo Elephants, North County Times, reprinted from Los Angeles Times, January 7, 2012. [7] Freedom of Information Act request answered by the Escondido Public Works Department, 2010. Continuing, we have data from the 50 U.S. states that rank disease incidence as a function of percent of water districts that fluoridate. The data indicate yet again that water fluoridation does not influence teeth decay, but has significant associations with increased tooth fluorosis, mental retardation, cancer and cardiovascular deaths [1]. There was no correlation of increased incidence of Alzheimer's disease with fluoridation, but cities were not separated between those that treat water also with aluminum from those that do not. Please let me be clear. It is possible that the elephants from the Wild Animal Park that were mentally degraded and euthanized at the Zoo this week may have presented with some form of dementia independent of aluminum and fluoride in their water. However, there is little doubt that the massive amounts of aluminum and fluoride, ingested together that causes uptake into brain, hastened their complete demise. The abnormal tau proteins synthesized in brain in human dementia for unknown reasons have very high affinity for aluminum. Many Alzheimer's victims have aluminum in large concentrations in brain at time of death. The Alzheimer's Association is currently confused and does not know the cause of the high incidence of Alzheimer's in the U.S. or why San Diego leads the nation in this category of death per capita. It is no longer assumed by this organization that aluminum is the causative agent. San Diego Water facilities indeed do not inject their own aluminum but report levels on water quality reports. Metroplitan Water, Los Angeles has injected aluminum as a clarifying agent long before fluoride injections were begun that enhance aluminum assimilation, and this water is imported to North San Diego County. However, the city of San Diego and Escondido are fully culpable for contributing to the demise of these prize animals by providing no option other than water treated with fluoride that also contained aluminum. There is little doubt that aluminum uptake in brain enhanced the mental condition the animals suffered. Aluminum taken up into the brain where it does not belong cannot hide to exert zero effects on structure and function. Numerous studies by Varner and coworkers over the last many decades [2] prove fluoride plus aluminum forms AlF3 complexes that are asslmilated into brain that cause microscopically observed brain degeneration during long term chronic consumption. The question is why is this seemingly not more dramatic in the human population than what seems to exist, but remember the human brain is of very high capacity (200 billion cells per brain). Further, lack of effect is merely an impression, not a fact, since Alzheimer's now is the 6th leading cause of death in the U.S. [3] and in San Diego County is now astoundingly 3rd [4]!! The time to death after Alzheimer's first appears is relatively quick in many cases and there remains no cure. It is time to halt the inane practice of injecting industrial synthetic fluoride compounds into human drinking water in an attempt to find a child's cavity, when nonfluoridated Europe has experienced the same rate of decline in caries incidence that the U.S. has seen during this water ingested fluoride program [5]. Understand again that CA AB733 was based on a false assumption, that swallowed fluoride was assumed to decrease caries, when biochemical measurements prove it cannot--it is present from swallowing in the saliva at only 0.02 ppm [6], unable to affect teeth topically though CA dental officials with vested interests attempt to ignore this [7]. And again, no protocols are provided in CA AB733; it merelyy asserts basically to 'go forth and fluoridate', without details of any kind, as though it were some sort of higher proclamation, when it is a corrupt order that violates the Safe Drinking Water Act (which prohibits any Federal requirement for drugs, supplements, or any chemicals added other than to sanitize water), the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (requires FDA approval for any substance used as a putative treatment in humans) and the Water Pollution Control Act (section 101a). No State law can be legally binding that attempts to supercede these and other Federal laws covering public waterways that are Federal property. The Colorado River originates as far North as Western Wyoming (WindRiver Mountain Range), and CA aqueduct water originates as far North as creek drainage in Southern Oregon. The Oregon State legislature barred any State requirement for fluoride in Oregon waterways, to protect salmon from the known gross mental narcotic effect fluoride exerts that causes salmon run collapse. As a medical research scientist and native San Diegan, I request that you order the Public Utilties Director, San Diego to stop titrating this illegal, unapproved, useless, harmful industrial substance lacking calcium into the water supply that is ingested by the innocent animals and people who reside here in our otherwise fair city. My brother was offered the position of head computer systems operator by the San Diego Padres. However, due to concerns over water fluoride (my brother has slight tooth fluorosis from a one-time Luride dose) he has chosen to remain in his home in Morgan Hill, CA. Morgan Hill is listed as a 'fluoridated city' but this is false. The water district chemists there stopped ordering drums of fluosilicic acid hazardous waste decades ago and refuse to inject synthetic fluorides into innocent people that, as a toxic calcium chelator, accumulates into bone permanently lifetime. Many people can remain rational about this, and I think you can also. Richard Sauerheber, Ph.D. References: [1] Dr. Osmunson, presenter, International Fluoride Conference, Toronto,Canada, 2008 [2] Varner, Brain Research,1986 reviewed at www.fluoridealert.org and in [3] North County Times, Jan 12, 2012 [4] Signon San Diego, 2010. [5] Connett, et.al., The Case Against Fluoride, Chelsea Green Publishing, Vermont, 2010. [6] National Research Council, Report on Fluoride in Drinking Water, a Scientifc Review of EPA's Standards, Washington, D.C., 2006. [7] personal communication with Dr. Kathleen Thiessen, co-athor of reference [6].

http://www.aaemonline.org/images/FluorideResolution.pdf American Academy of Environmental Medicine 7701 East Kellogg • Suite 625 • Wichita, KS 67207 Tel: (316) 684-5500 • Fax: (316) 684-5709 www.aaem.com Founded in 1965 as a non-profit medical association, the AAEM brings together physicians and scientists interested in the complex relationship between the environment and health. With an elite membership of highly trained physicians and clinicians, the Academy is committed to advancing the field of Environmental Medicine through member development and education, public awareness and research. Whereas the International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology (IAOMT) has been instrumental in supporting scientific medical research identifying the inherent health dangers associated with the use of fluoride in public water and food supplies, and; Whereas, scientific research has clearly identified that fluoride is a known toxic substance that adversely affects human health, and; Whereas, fluoride is a known neurotoxin and carcinogen even at the levels added to the public water supplies as promoted by the American Dental Association (ADA) and the United States Public Health Service (USPHS), and; Whereas the American Academy of Environmental Medicine educates physicians and the public about the dangers of and subsequent prevention and treatment of environmental toxicity, and; Whereas the time is ripe for recognizing like-minded and synergistic participants in the field of environmental medicine, therefore be it resolved that: The American Academy of Environmental Medicine (AAEM): 1. Supports banning the addition of fluoride or products containing fluoride to public water supplies and to any substances intended for human consumption. 2. Supports the efforts of the International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology (IAOMT) and like-minded organizations in addition to any legislative efforts that effectively reduce the environmental and human exposure to fluoride. Approved by the Board of Directors of the American

To Sir Daniel Johnson, So what you are saying is that a persons lifestyle and whatever situation they are in somehow precludes them to not ascertain a truth? You told this Diane to "Get help. Get treated. Get some topical fluoride ffs. And tell your son to move out, cut his hair and get a job." In your recommendation to get some topical fluoride, which I see nothing wrong with if you keep it topical, why would you promote the method of delivery of water fluoridation which is very briefly topical but predominantly systemic? In the latter I have serious concerns about introducing a chemical into a public delivery system whose regulation and scope of action cannot be controlled once it enters human blood plasma. I do not wish to get drawn into the politics of this debate, for politics resort to emotion when logic is not available but the point of demarcation of thought is made - is fluoride predominately safe and effective for the small hydroapatite to fluoroapatite conversion that inevitably occurs when the fluoride ion is in proximity to dentin or should it also be allowed to continue to pass that oral scope and once consumed be allowed to affect other areas of the body? I recall looking at the material safety data sheet for the compounds used and it says that 6mg can be lethal. Do those that oppose free F- being introduced to the body at a rate of 0.7 mg/L (as opposed to locked F in natural calcium fluoride CaF2 - the fluorides that government saids are the same but wont distinguish between the two) and taking into account the ability of the human renal system, that if healthy can only excrete 50% of the ingested volume of F-; do those persons have any right to distinguish between 1. the scope of delivery and 2. the nature of the ion (in its locked or unlocked state) upon its delivery? KInd Regards Soulace1970

Interesting! One of the two main tools used to keep you in a state of confusion without you knowing it, is the fluoride in your toothpastes and water supplies, and there are also many other chemicals that are added to processed foods to decrease your awareness and prevent your longevity. I implore you all to buy non fluoride dental products and drink only water that you know is fresh. It is true that Calcium Fluoride is an organically occurring compound and harmless in small doses, but the Sodium Fluoride that is used in dental products and water supplies is a toxic waste, it is a byproduct of aluminum production and it does not prevent tooth decay, it inhibits brain function and promotes docility in the subject. Very Notably, fluoride was first used by the Russians in mind control experiments conducted of prisoners in the Gulags and later by the Nazis in the death camps. It was well noted by both groups that prisoners who drank fluoridated water were much more docile and easier to control than other prisoners. Fluoride compounds are also the active ingredients in most anti depressant drugs such as Prozac, clearly demonstrating its ability to reduce aggression and motivation in people. It has absolutely no biological or health benefits at all, and it does nothing whatsoever to protect teeth. In fact, it causes dental fluorosis, yellowing of the teeth and pitting of the enamel. If you seriously think fluoride actually does have some health benefits the next time you are out shopping I challenge you to pick up a packet of any brand of rat poison you care to name and look at what it contains. Quite often you will find there is only one ingredient. Sodium Fluoride. And it has also been very well noted that a person under the influence of such a chemical is always completely oblivious to the fact. The ability of fluoride to do this is not some internet myth as many would claim and have you believe. It is the absolute truth. Yet even now, and despite the clear results shown in the latest fluoride studies, as more people begin to awaken and question the situation the world is in, the more governments are seeking to combat this awakening by undertaking the increased fluoridation of their water supplies, touting dental health as the reason, when nothing could be further from the truth. –> http://www.thecrowhouse.com/callingtrans.html <–

When you do the research & start digging, things do get very interesting! Several books, including Seeds of Destruction and Corrupt to the Core, along with the film, The Idiot Cycle, lay out the framework for and evidence of a concerted effort to sicken and then treat humanity, while earning obscene profits. When we factor in other recent actions taken by transnational corporations and lawmakers, the conspiracy adopts a more ominous tone. Authors William Engdahl and Shiv Chopra appear in Emmanuelle Schick Garcia’s powerful film, The Idiot Cycle: What you aren’t being told about cancer. Both writers provide detailed evidence of a corporate-government conspiracy to adulterate the food and water supply with dangerous substances linked to a host of illnesses. The Case Against Fluoride, a book using hundreds of peer-reviewed studies, provides more evidence. In David Gumpert’s Raw Milk Revolution, we get a peek at the US government’s war on the natural dairy industry. Looking at six companies, Dow Chemical, BASF, Bayer, Dupont, Astrazeneca (Syngenta), and Monsanto, Idiot Cycle exposes corporate-government collusion in the release of carcinogenic chemicals, but also reveals how some of the same chemical companies then profit from treating cancer. It’s a cycle only an idiot would tolerate. Going further, much of the film then addresses genetically modified food and its potentially disastrous effect on health and the environment. --> http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/10/a-perfect-storm-of-gmos-chemicals-and-ca

The city of Geelong was fluoridated in 2009. Many of my patients had been forced to come and live in Geelong as they found by experience if they lived in a fluoridated city they got sick. But before Geelong was fluoridated they recovered when they moved to Geelong. Their chronic fluoride toxicity symptoms that had developed in fluoridated towns (commonly found to be now common health problems such as itchy skin, asthma, chronic tiredness, joint pain and indigestion) significantly improved. As long as they avoided all fluoride exposure from tap water, dental treatments or working with fluoride in industry they stayed well. However once Geelong was fluoridated their symptoms of fluoride toxicity returned. It does not matter that statements from fluoridating government agencies all say this really shouldn't be happening. It is happening and some people are becoming very ill. The previous crazy endorsements from authorities about lead in petrol being safe and asbestos also being "safe as houses" confirms our history of government making mistakes. Horse breeder Cathy Justus at Pagosa Springs found her horses were dying from confirmed fluoride poisoning (after vets examined their exhumed bones) after they began drinking fluoridated water http://www.slweb.org/ftrcpersonalstories_cathy.html But how many human graveyards might also reveal similar results if the same investigations were carried out with people ? Just how much more needs to be done to get politicians waking up to how wrong their governments can be? Don't let Mayor Mr Campbell Newman perpetuate this gross mistake of letting toxic effects continue from industry waste fluoride being conveniently dumped into community drinking water.

THIS STUFF IS SO DANGEROUSLY CORROSIVE AND CUMULATIVE and they use the populations kidneys as toxic waste filtration/disposal units. THIS POISONING OF OUR WATER SUPPLIES MUST END PERMANENTLY AND IRREVOCABLY FOR ALL TIME. Bourke Shire accused of illegally dumping fluoride By Robyn Herron Posted January 23, 2012 12:08:10 The Bourke Shire Council has been accused of illegally dumping chemicals at its waste depot plant. The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) has charged the council with unlawfully transporting and disposing the chemical in October 2010. The council says the fluoride was in its original packaging and shrink wrapped in plastic when it was buried four metres deep at the landfill. The Bourke Shire's general manager, Geoff Wise, says the council had more of the chemical than it needed and did not realise that it was not permitted to dump the waste at the depot. He says the sodium fluoride has since been removed. The council will plead guilty to the charges and the matter has been adjourned in the Bourke Local Court until next month. A EPA spokeswoman says the action is being taken as the council breached the Protection of the Environment Operations Act. SHE SAYS THE DEPOT CANNOT BE LAWFULLY USED AS A WASTE FACILITY FOR SODIUM FLUORIDE, WHICH IS CLASSIFIED AS HAZARDOUS AND DANGEROUS. The council faces a maximum penalty of $22,000. SODIUM FLUORIDE IS ADDED TO URBAN WATER SUPPLIES TO IMPROVE PEOPLE'S DENTAL HEALTH. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-01-23/bourke-shire-accused-of-illegally-dumping-fluoride/3787362

Australian Fluoridation Fraud - Joining the Dots By Professor Paul Connett http://www.fluoridealert.org November 10, 2008 I would like to draw your attention to four events in Australia, which I believe demonstrate the corruption of science needed to propagate the discredited practice of water fluoridation in that country. Just join the dots. Here are the four events: • A letter from Pieta-Ray Laut, Executive Director, Public Health Association of Australia (PHAA) to Professor Warwick Anderson, Chief Executive Officer, National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), dated 20 February 2007. Note the NHMRC is an agency of the Australian government. See letter at end. • The publication of the NHMRC report in November 2007: A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Fluoridation. • An article attacking opponents of fluoridation by Jason Armfield in the online journal Australia and New Zealand Health Policy, December, 2007, titled: When public action undermines public health: a critical examination of antifluoridationist literature - and my response to it at this same site. • The forcing through of mandatory water fluoridation on Queensland in February 2008 by Premier Anna Bligh. This of course, can be coupled with other ongoing efforts to force fluoridation on communities in NSW and Victoria, without giving them a chance to vote on the matter. Elsewhere I have commented at some length on the "Easleyan" hatchet job on people opposed to fluoridation by Jason Armfield, and readers know well of our fruitless efforts to try to inform Premier Bligh on the dangers and ineffectiveness of fluoridation before she forced the practice on Queensland. Here I will focus on the NHMRC (2007) review an the PHAA letter. Read the Evidence of Fraud at: http://australianfluorideaction.com/lies-fraud/the-fraud/

Dr Russell Blaylock Neurosurgeon...... My Concerns with Fluoridation of Drinking Water...... I have included three articles I have written for peer-reviewed journals, which give the details of my concern with water fluoridation. An abundant amount of scientific evidence indicates that fluoride is a toxin that affects a number of tissues and organs and can contribute to such diseases as osteoporosis, spinal stenosis, thyroid dysfunction, cancer development and invasion, neurological disorders, neurodevelopment abnormalities, lymphocyte dysfunction and fertility problems. I am a board certified neurosurgeon of 24 years experience and now am involved in neuroscience as a visiting professor of biology. As you can see from the attached articles I have examined the fluoridation issue in quite some depth and have a better understanding of the neurological consequences of fluoridation than do dentists, who know nothing of these issues. To continue the fluoridation of drinking water is an assault on the health of your citizens and will have health implications for decades to come. This is also an issue of personal rights, since individuals, based on their own health concerns, should have the right to have clean, unpolluted drinking water. I thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, Russell L. Blaylock, MD Visiting Professor of Biology Belhaven College Jackson, MS Scientific Peer-Reviewed Papers DR RUSSELL BLAYLOCK – Fluoride and excitotoxicity DR RUSSELL BLAYLOCK – Fluoride excitototoxin paper FLUORIDE – DR RUSSELL BLAYLOCK – Fluoride Interaction from Molecule to Disease Read Scientific Peer-Review Papers at: http://australianfluorideaction.com/harming-babies/

Professor Roger D Masters,.... Nelson A. Rockefeller Professor Emeritus of Government and Research Professor of Department of Government, Dartmouth College Hanover, NH...... He is a scientist in the U.S. who has published widely (in peer reviewed scientific journals such as NEUROTOXICOLOGY) in the harmful effects of water that has been treated with either Hydrofluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) or sodium silicofluoride (Na2SiF6). He co-authored scientific papers with Myron J. Coplan, a chemical engineer with extensive experience with these compounds) shows these chemicals have harmful effects, especially on brain chemistry and behavior. Because they influence such neurotransmitters as dopamine (essential for self-control and planning), silicofluorides are a statistically significant factor in higher rates of learning disabilities, substance abuse, and violent crime. Fluoride and The Violence-Crime Connection. Silicofluorides & Higher Blood Lead: Statement from Dr. Roger Masters At present, U.S. public water systems serving over 140 million people are fluoridated with 200,000 tons of commercial grade hydrofluosilicic acid (H2SiF6) and sodium silicofluoride (Na2SiF6), together called “silicofluorides” (or “SiFs”). Data from numerous studies show that, taking economic, social and racial factors into account, where silicofluorides are used, children absorb more lead from the environment, and there are higher rates of diseases and behavioral problems associated with lead poisoning (including hyperactivity, substance abuse, and violent crime)..... Read more from Professor Roger Masters at: http://australianfluorideaction.com/the-professionals/dr-roger-masters/

Fluoride and the Phosphate Connection..... by George C. Glasser..... Cities all over the US purchase hundreds of thousands of gallons of fresh pollution concentrate from Florida – fluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) – to fluoridate water.... Fluorosilicic acid is composed of tetrafluorosiliciate gas and other species of fluorine gases captured in pollution scrubbers and concentrated into a 23% solution during wet process phosphate fertilizer manufacture. Generally, the acid is stored in outdoor cooling ponds before being shipped to US cities to artificially fluoridate drinking water. Fluoridating drinking water with recovered pollution is a cost-effective means of disposing of toxic waste. The fluorosilicic acid would otherwise be classified as a hazardous toxic waste on the Superfund Priorities List of toxic substances that pose the most significant risk to human health and the greatest potential liability for manufacturers. Phosphate fertilizer suppliers have more than $10 billion invested in production and mining facilities in Florida. Phosphate fertilizer production accounts for $800 million in wages per year. Florida's mines produce 30% of the world supply and 75% of the US supply of phosphate fertilizers. Much of the country's supply of fluoro-silicic acid for water fluoridation is also produced in Florida. Phosphate fertilizer manufacturing and mining are not environment friendly operations. Fluorides and radionuclides are the primary toxic pollutants from the manufacture of phosphate fertilizer in Central Florida. People living near the fertilizer plants and mines, experience lung cancer and leukemia rates that are double the state average. Much of West Central Florida has become a toxic waste dump for phosphate fertilizer manufacturers. Federal and state pollution regulations have been modified to accommodate phosphate fertilizer production and use: These regulations have included using recovered pollution for water fluoridation. Radium wastes from filtration systems at phosphate fertilizer facilities are among the most radioactive types of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) wastes. The radium wastes are so concentrated, they cannot be disposed of at the one US landfill licensed to accept NORM wastes, so manufacturers dump the radioactive wastes in acidic ponds atop 200-foot-high gypsum stacks. The federal government has no rules for its disposal..... Read full Article at ... http://australianfluorideaction.com/the-dangers/radioactive-fluoride-in-water/..... Then Register your legitimate VOTE to End Water Fluoridation Forever. .... http://australianfluorideaction.com/your-states/you-can-help/

In the process of extracting this industrial fertiliser waste Sodium Fluoride from Phosphate scrubbers it becomes infused with heavy metals such as arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, barium, beryllium and radium (radioactive) which are also cumulative in our bodies. ....Please find below scientific analysis of Sodium Fluoride and its effects on our body organs. Please note, that Sodium Fluoride is cumulative. It is an Enzyme Inhibitor that also causes Fetal Deaths, Bone Cancer in Boys and Infertility..... Sigma Chemical Co. Scientific Safety Data Report.... Scheduled S6-7 Poison ... SCIENTIFIC M A T E R I A L S A F E T Y D A T A S H E E T ... SECTION 1. – - – - – - – - – CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION- – - – - – - – - – CATALOG #: S1504 NAME: SODIUM FLUORIDE CRYSTALLINE Sigma Chemical Co. P.O. Box 14508 St. Louis, MO 63178 USA Tel: 314-771-5765 Sec 11. TARGET ORGAN DATA PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION (PARESTHESIA) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES (OLFACTION TUMORS) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES (PTOSIS) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES (OTHER EYE EFFECTS) BEHAVIORAL (SOMNOLENCE) BEHAVIORAL (TREMOR) BEHAVIORAL (FLUID INTAKE) BEHAVIORAL (MUSCLE WEAKNESS) BEHAVIORAL (HEADACHE) CARDIAC (EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE) LUNGS, THORAX OR RESPIRATION (CYANOSIS) LUNGS, THORAX OR RESPIRATION (RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION) GASTROINTESTINAL (CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS) GASTROINTESTINAL (HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA) GASTROINTESTINAL (NAUSEA OR VOMITING) GASTROINTESTINAL (OTHER CHANGES) LIVER (OTHER CHANGES) KIDNEY, URETER, BLADDER (OTHER CHANGES) MUSCULO-SKELETAL (CHANGES IN TEETH AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURES) MUSCULO-SKELETAL (OTHER CHANGES) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (TUMORS) IMMUNOLOGICAL INCLUDING ALLERGIC (INCREASED IMMUNE RESPONSE) PATERNAL EFFECTS (SPERMATOGENESIS) PATERNAL EFFECTS (TESTES, EPIDIDYMIS, SPERM DUCT) EFFECTS ON FERTILITY (FEMALE FERTILITY INDEX) EFFECTS ON FERTILITY (MALE FERTILITY INDEX) EFFECTS ON FERTILITY (POST-IMPLANTATION MORTALITY) EFFECTS ON FERTILITY (OTHER MEASURES OF FERTILITY) EFFECTS ON EMBRYO OR FETUS (EXTRA EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES) EFFECTS ON EMBRYO OR FETUS (FETAL DEATH) SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES (CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES (SKIN AND SKIN APPENDAGES) SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES (MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM) EFFECTS ON NEWBORN (STILLBIRTH) EFFECTS ON NEWBORN (BEHAVIORAL) NUTRITIONAL AND GROSS METABOLIC (WEIGHT LOSS OR DECREASED WEIGHT GAIN) TUMORIGENIC (EQUIVOCAL TUMORIGENIC AGENT BY RTECS CRITERIA) ONLY SELECTED REGISTRY OF TOXIC EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES (RTECS) DATA IS PRESENTED HERE. SEE ACTUAL ENTRY IN RTECS FOR COMPLETE INFORMATION. See Full Report : ... http://australianfluorideaction.com/the-dangers/

I wasn’t going to include this because it is so distressing for us, but I have to for all our sakes. Our pets suffer too, with the fluoride poisoned water many can’t avoid it, it’s all they have to drink, your pets also drink from the shower, or hand basins, if you are fortunate enough to have a tank to give your pets non-poisoned water that at least reduces their consumption of this cumulative poison, but remember it’s in all the pet foods too, this poison ‘fluoride’ concentrates in all the ‘bones’ your pets eat and of course, then concentrates in their own bones – slowly damaging your pets health – in our case our big healthy cat had kidney failure in September, 2011 and he has slowly lost all his condition and muscle tone, is more lethargic etc…. Our beautiful boy Isaac (dog) formerly a strapping big strong healthy dog deteriorated since Brisbane was fluorosilicic acid/silicofluoride poisoned in December, 2008- he aged so rapidly, FLUORIDE AND THE AGING FACTOR lost all his muscle, body condition, energy, slowly lost joing movement, weakness and since September, 2011 was crippled in back legs, died of kidney failure and heart failure on the 24th January, 2012 – we must fight for the rights of our pets (and all animals & wildlife) to have unpolluted, unpoisoned water supplies, remember the ‘fluoride’ the HEALTH DEPARTMENTS????? Tell you is good for your teeth, well it’s not good for your teeth because everywhere that has had it for decades is in dental crises and it’s not safe - I ask you how could consuming in everything you eat and drink and bathe in be good for you ie fluorsilicic acid/silicofluoride toxic waste pollutants and co-contaminants of lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium et al THIS POISON MUST BE TAKEN OUT OF OUR WATER SUPPLIES IMMEDIATELY, PERMANENTLY AND IRREVOCABLY or our population and pets and wildlife and our environment will continue to suffer and the only ones getting any benefit will be dentists, doctors et al because we will continue to have more sick people and pets, diseased kidneys, alzheimers, diseased bones, mental illnesses and much more. END IT NOW FOREVER MORE FOR ALL OUR SAKES.

We all know what Newman is going to say. He's "looked at the science, I've been advised, there's no evidence, we're taking advice from..., all the other States have had it for years, The Health Minister said..., it's not my job to change..., only a small % of people complain... You don't have to guess what his words will be. You have to remember the chemical agenda. There are over 5000 chemicals in foods you buy at the supermarket, 900 in drinks, 33 in tap water, and around 2500 found in the average suburban Australian home. Chemicals have been marketed for us to accept and enjoy. If the average person consumes 100's of chemicals each day - doctors, lawyers, politicians included - than why would they turn against an industry that feeds them. Our modern world relies on chemicals. They are everywhere. It's why we see skin cancer epidemics, diabetes, heart disease, colon cancer, obesity and so on. These diseases are all linked to chemicals. Until we as a society recognise the connection between chemicals and illness, then we're wasting our time asking politicians to do anything. It's our modern way of life to 'fix' things with chemicals, to put them on our skin, spray them in the air and feed them to our kids - to make life more wonderful. To preserve food. To kill insects. To make the air small fresh. To protect our teeth. It's the greatest marketing campaign in history of humankind -- 'That chemicals are here for us to enjoy!" MY suggestion is learn how to detox. Politicians included.

Dear Friends against the fluorosilicic acid/silicofluoride poisoning of our water supplies which should be every member of the population when they learn the full truth:- Here is yet another advertisement in our little local rag The Northern Times - they rarely if ever print anything against 'fluoridation' but they would make some good money from the adverts. Well here we have yet another new dental practice in little old Kallangur Town - numerous businesses struggling, some gone but never the dental corporations/surgeries, business is always booming. The first advertisement is from VH Complete Dental Care 7/1428 Anzac Avenue, Kallangur - offering 'fluoride' treatments of course & check up for $97.50. The advertisement states: "In the last six months have you got any chronic medical conditions such as asthma, diabetes, cancer, arthritis, blood pressure problems, cardiovascular illness, mental illness, stroke, etc....? If yes you may be entitled to receive $4,250 of Medicare benefits for dental services over two consecutive calendar years. Ask your GP's or our staff today." (Sounds like they read some of the health effects from the 'fluoride poisons' doesn't it?) the other ad is for a BRAND NEW DENTAL PRACTICE TOOTH KIND crowns made in Queensland $980.00 (one at Kallangur and one at Deagon) YEP, BUSINESS IS BOOMING FOR DENTAL PRACTICES ALRIGHT and many other businesses struggling. Sent: 28th January, 2012 -- Diane Drayton Buckland Independent Chemical Researcher/Activist FIA website | MCS website | Profile Fluoride Dr John Yiamouyiannis - CANCER http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=SYxLRtudYM4 Fluoride Causes Cancer - Dr. Dean Burk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClqK7XvfLg0

We have the same dental crises in Australia after decades of 'fluoridation'. What we have said all along is 'provide access to affordable dental care services for all the population, NOT fluorosilicic acid/silicofluoride poisoned water supplies of which the evidence of cumulative harm to health and environment is unquestionable and prolific. DDB From: NYSCOF@aol.com Date: Sat, Jan 21, 2012 at 3:26 AM Fluoride, Dentists “Magic Bullet” is Shooting Blanks Poor Not Helped; Money Wasted; Kids in Dental Pain; Viable Alternatives Shunned New York – January 20, 2012 -- Despite decades of water fluoridation in New York State, the Journal of the American Dental Association reports that emergency treatment for NYS toddlers’ severe tooth decay has grown substantially in numbers and costs, many require general anesthesia, (1) reports the New York State Coalition Opposed to Fluoridation, Inc. (NYSCOF) Fluoridation is touted as an effective cavity preventive that will save money. But this study and others proves it’s doing neither. In 72% fluoridated NYS, 25,622 children, under six-years-old, made cavity-related emergency dental visits from 2004 though 2008. Visits grew from 4,361 in 2004 to 5,683 in 2008. Seventy-five percent required general anesthesia, up from 35% in 2004. Total costs: $121 Million ($18.5 million in 2004 increased to $31.3 million in 2008), most borne by taxpayers. “There is a limited number of dentists willing to treat patients younger than 6 and/or accept Medicaid” write the NYS researchers. More Statistics Show Fluoridation Fails New York State NYS Department of Health statistics reveal that, even when water is fluoridated, cavity-rates are extremely high in low-income third-graders. (2) For example: • 85% of low-income third graders have tooth decay in Wayne County (74% fluoridated) • 83% in Ontario County (61% fluoridated) • 82% in Cayuga County (not fluoridated) • 82% in Allegheny County (14% fluoridated) • 81% in Livingston County (55% fluoridated) • 67% in Schuyler County (not fluoridated) • 58% in Nassau County (not fluoridated) Fluoridation not only fails New York State but nationally children, the elderly and poor lack dental care. The General Accounting Office estimates that 6.5 million children aged 2 through 18 in Medicaid had untreated tooth decay in 2005.(3) Oral health complications may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Annually, 164 million work hours and 51 million school hours are lost due to dental problems, according to the Institute of Medicine. (4) Also, a 2008 study of the armed forces reveals 52% of new recruits had oral health problems needing urgent attention, reports the Pew Charitable Trust. “The American economy is hurt by dentists’ refusal to treat low-income Americans and by organized dentistry’s lobbying to outlaw cheaper dental care by viable dental professionals, such as dental therapists,” says attorney Paul Beeber, NYSCOF President. “Fluoridation is a false concept that must be abandoned.” Past Studies Show that when fluoridation ceases so do cavities (5 ) • Cavity rates decreased six years after fluoridation was stopped in Kupio, Finland. • Seven years after fluoridation ended in LaSalud, Cuba, cavity-free children increased dramatically • Following the cessation of water fluoridation in the East German cities, Chemnitz and Plauen, a significant fall in caries prevalence was observed. • After fluoridation ended in the East German cities, Spremberg and Zittau, cavities in 12-year-olds significantly decreased • During an 11-month fluoridation break in Durham, NC,cavity rates remained stable but dental fluorosis declined in children born during that period • In British Columbia, Canada, "the prevalence of caries decreased over time in the fluoridation-ended community while remaining unchanged in the fluoridated community." • In 1973, the Dutch town of Tiel stopped fluoridation. Decayed, missing and filled surfaces dipped in 15-year-olds. Never-fluoridated Culemborg's 15-year-olds had 72% less cavities over the same period. Beeber says, “The multi-billion dollar Pew Charitable Trust continues to waste its resources promoting fluoridation in Iowa, Arkansas, Austin and elsewhere with misinformation. However, we agree with their findings that ‘Support for CWF (Community Water Fluoridation) is soft, especially among the following groups…Those who report being more knowledgeable of Community Water fluoridation.’” Contact: Paul Beeber, Esq, 516-433-8882 nyscof@aol.com http://www.Fluoridation.Webs.com http://www.FluorideAction.Net SOURCE: New York State Coalition Opposed to Fluoridation, Inc.

CANCER AND FLUORIDE additional information Fluoride Dr John Yiamouyiannis - CANCER http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=SYxLRtudYM4 Fluoride Causes Cancer - Dr. Dean Burk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClqK7XvfLg0 In 1980, the U.S. Public Health Service contracted with Battelle Research Institute to do studies to find out whether fluoride could cause cancer. When, in 1988, the results showed that fluoride caused a rare form of liver cancer, oral cancers, and possibly bone cancer, the U.S. Public Health Service covered up the most significant results and only allowed that fluoride might cause bone cancer. Then, in attempt to water this down even further, Under Secretary of Health James Mason assigned former FDA commissioner Frank Young to reevalualte fluoride to whitewash this already watered-down conclusion. Despite additional information that they collected from the National Cancer Institute that bone cancer rates were almost 50% higher in men living in fluoridated areas and data from Procter and Gamble showing a dramatic increase in bone tumors as a result of fluoride exposure, they claimed that fluoride did not cause cancer. Procter and Gamble has tried to cover up studies that they performed showing that as little as one-half the amound of fluoride added to public water supplies causes genetic damage and that fluoride causes tumors and precancerous growths. In 1993, the National Academy of Sciences admitted that up to 80% of the children living in fluoridated areas have dental fluorosis and that "fluorosis is twice as prevalent among African-American children" and that there are a number of studies showing that fluoride causes genetic damage and transforms normal cells into cancer cells - and then gave fluoridation a clean bill of health. Similarly, a 1993 study put out by the U.S. Public Health Service admitted: "in cultured human and rodent cells, the weight of the evidence leads to the conclusion that fluoride exposure results in increased chromosome aberrations [genetic damage]", and then tried to discount the importance of their findings. In animal studies, water fluoridated at 1 part per million has been shown to increase tumor growth rate by 25%, to produce melanotic tumors, and to transform normal cells into cancer cells. The ability of fluoride to transorm normal cells has been confirmed by Argonne National Laboratories, which also found that fluoride increases the cancer-causing ability of other chemicals. Battelle Research Institute conducted a two-year study on rats and mice and found an iron-clad link between fluoride exposure and an extremely rare form of liver cancer, hepatocholangiocarcinomas, in fluoride-treated male and female mice. On April 11, 1989, Battelle released additional results which showed an increase in oral precancerous, tumorous, and cancerous cells as a result of fluoride exposure in both male and female rats. Similar results regarding oral squamous precancerous cells and bone tumors from fluoride exposure were reported by Proctor and Gamble. Battelle also found osteosarcomas in male rats fed higher amounts of fluoride. In human studies, fluoride has been shown to transform white blood cells into cells "suggestive of reticuloendothelial malignancy"; gastric cancer and lung cancer have also been associated with fluoride exposure in humans.

No need to hide away your snapshots diane (as per your website guestbook), I’ve preserved them on the net for you. http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=1481162 Feel free to use this material when you follow through with your threat of suing/getting the police onto me. I'm not entirely sure what I’ve done that’s illegal tho – you don’t have any privacy setting activated on your facebook, and as far as I can tell, your website isn't ‘private’. You’ve put all this information into the public domain, and you’re the figurehead of a ‘grassroots movement’ (!) so you should expect some retaliation when you start spamming inaccurate crap and stack a voting process to try and subvert the political discourse to suit your own crazy fringe cause. However, I have spent a few days reflecting, and you guys make some very interesting points, and I happen to agree with you. I need to aspire to be a better person, and one way to do that is to learn some techniques that will allow me to communicate with poor people more effectively. I have taken this on board, and will make sure I workshop it with some other people I know who also struggle with this same problem. It’s hard, but together, we can achieve anything. We really can. And Victoria, no need to hide behind veiled threats ;), (and nice one with the tutu comment – BUUURRNNNNED!!!!) Regards. and in the words of naomi robson, i'm a tutu wearing faggy dr's wife, and you, are not. I THINK ITS THE FLUORIDE!!!!!!!! AAAAAARRRGGGHH

Fluoride Dr John Yiamouyiannis - CANCER http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=SYxLRtudYM4 Fluoride Causes Cancer - Dr. Dean Burk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClqK7XvfLg0 In 1980, the U.S. Public Health Service contracted with Battelle Research Institute to do studies to find out whether fluoride could cause cancer. When, in 1988, the results showed that fluoride caused a rare form of liver cancer, oral cancers, and possibly bone cancer, the U.S. Public Health Service covered up the most significant results and only allowed that fluoride might cause bone cancer. Then, in attempt to water this down even further, Under Secretary of Health James Mason assigned former FDA commissioner Frank Young to reevalualte fluoride to whitewash this already watered-down conclusion. Despite additional information that they collected from the National Cancer Institute that bone cancer rates were almost 50% higher in men living in fluoridated areas and data from Procter and Gamble showing a dramatic increase in bone tumors as a result of fluoride exposure, they claimed that fluoride did not cause cancer. Procter and Gamble has tried to cover up studies that they performed showing that as little as one-half the amound of fluoride added to public water supplies causes genetic damage and that fluoride causes tumors and precancerous growths. In 1993, the National Academy of Sciences admitted that up to 80% of the children living in fluoridated areas have dental fluorosis and that "fluorosis is twice as prevalent among African-American children" and that there are a number of studies showing that fluoride causes genetic damage and transforms normal cells into cancer cells - and then gave fluoridation a clean bill of health. Similarly, a 1993 study put out by the U.S. Public Health Service admitted: "in cultured human and rodent cells, the weight of the evidence leads to the conclusion that fluoride exposure results in increased chromosome aberrations [genetic damage]", and then tried to discount the importance of their findings. and In animal studies, water fluoridated at 1 part per million has been shown to increase tumor growth rate by 25%, to produce melanotic tumors, and to transform normal cells into cancer cells. The ability of fluoride to transorm normal cells has been confirmed by Argonne National Laboratories, which also found that fluoride increases the cancer-causing ability of other chemicals. Battelle Research Institute conducted a two-year study on rats and mice and found an iron-clad link between fluoride exposure and an extremely rare form of liver cancer, hepatocholangiocarcinomas, in fluoride-treated male and female mice. On April 11, 1989, Battelle released additional results which showed an increase in oral precancerous, tumorous, and cancerous cells as a result of fluoride exposure in both male and female rats. Similar results regarding oral squamous precancerous cells and bone tumors from fluoride exposure were reported by Proctor and Gamble. Battelle also found osteosarcomas in male rats fed higher amounts of fluoride. In human studies, fluoride has been shown to transform white blood cells into cells "suggestive of reticuloendothelial malignancy"; gastric cancer and lung cancer have also been associated with fluoride exposure in humans.

i can copy paste too :D!!!!!! Evidence of the safety of water fluoridation The use of fluorides in Australia: guidelines Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Dental School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia; Australian Dental Journal 2006;51:(2):195-199. World Health Organization, 1994. Fluorides and oral health: report of a WHO expert committee on oral health status and fluoride use. Geneva: World Health Organization. Evans W, Morgan M, Conn J. Dental fluorosis prevalence in Melbourne 12-yearolds is within expected limits. Presented at the IADR ANZ Division 38th Annual Scientific Meeting: Brisbane 27-29 September 1998. World Health Organization, 2006. Fluoride in Drinking-water. London: IWA Publishing on behalf of the World Health Organization. World Health Organization, World Dental Federation and International Association for Dental Research, 2006. Call to Action to promote dental health by using fluoride. National Health and Medical Research Council. Dietary guidelines for all Australians. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia; 2003. Food Standards Australia New Zealand, 2007. Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. Canberra: Food Standards Australia New Zealand. Australia New Zealand Food Authority. Development of joint Australia New Zealand Food Standards as part of the process of review of the Food Standards Code. Infant formula. Preliminary inquiry report. Canberra: Australia New Zealand Food Authority; 1999. Silva M, Reynolds EC. Fluoride content of infant formulae in Australia. Australian Dental Journal 1996; 41(1):37-42. National Research Council Subcommittee on Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride. Health effects of ingested fluoride. Washington DC: National Research Council; 1993. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Achievements in public health, 1990-1999: fluoridation of drinking water to prevent dental caries. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1999; 48 (41):933-940. Sinclair MI, Kazda H, Cicuttini FM, Fairley CK. Public Health Effects of Water Fluoridation. Melbourne: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University & Cooperative Research Centre for Water Quality and Treatment; 1998. World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety. Environmental health criteria 227: fluorides. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002. Medical Research Council Working Group. Water fluoridation and health. United Kingdom: Medical Research Council; 2002. US Department of Health & Human Services. Fluorides, Hydrogen Fluoride and Fluorine. 2003 [accessed January 2005]. National Health and Medical Research Council, A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Water Fluoridation, Australian Government 2007. Choice Australia review: Fluoride: Is fluoride good for your teeth, or a slow poison? Choice, 2008. McDonagh M, Whiting P, Wilson P et al. Systematic review of water fluoridation. Br Med J 2000; 321: 855-9.

FLUORIDATION WILL HAVE CATASTROPHIC EFFECTS ON OUR GENERAL HEALTH - SEE THE EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON THE THYROID GLAND By Dr Barry Durrant-Peatfield MBBS LRCP MRCS MEDICAL ADVISOR TO THYROID UK 9-9-2004 Fluoridation of the nation's water supply will do little for our dental health; but will have catastrophic effects on our general health. We cannot, must not, dare not, subject our nation to this appalling risk. Dr Barry Durrant-Peatfield obtained his Medical degrees in 1960 at Guy's Hospital London. He left the NHS in 1980 to specialise in thyroid illnesses drawing inspiration from the work of infamous Dr Broda Barnes, at the Foundation that bears his name, Connecticut, USA. He has been a medical practitioner for over forty years specialising in metabolic disorders during which time he became a leading authority in the UK for thyroid and adrenal management. For over twenty years he also ran a successful private clinic and became a nation-wide leading authority on thyroid and adrenal dysfunction, but clashed with establishment medicine in the management of thyroid illness. He is the author of The Great Thyroid Scandal (see opposite page), he currently lectures at nutritional colleges in London as well as conducting his own teaching seminars. Barry will shortly be opening a diagnostic clinic in the UK for thyroid and adrenal disorders where he will provide advice on diagnosis and treatment with special interests in nutritional aspects. For further information: Dr B Durrant- Peatfield, Surrey. Source: http://www.rense.com/general57/FLUR.HTM

Diane, you and I are very similiar, i'm a fast researcher too :D Addressing claims of side effects related to cancer, bone fractures, down syndrome, behavioural disturbances, thyroid problems or any other serious effects Whiting P, McDonagh M, Kleijnen J. Association of Down's syndrome and water fluoride level: a systematic review of the evidence. In submission. 2001. E. T. Treasure, I. G. Chestnutt, P. Whiting, M. McDonagh, P. Wilson and J. Kleijnen "The York Review - A systematic review of public water fluoridation: a commentary", British Dental Journal Vol 192, No. 9, May 11 2002. Ahokas J, Demos L, Donohue D, Killalea S, McNeil J, Rix C. Review of Water fluoridation and fluoride intake from discretionary fluoride supplements: review for NHMRC. Melbourne: Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and MonashUniversity; 1999. National Health and Medical Research Council, A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Water Fluoridation, Australian Government 2007. National Health Service Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. A systematic review of public water fluoridation. York: University of York; 2000. Government of Ireland. Forum on fluoridation. Dublin: Government of Ireland; 2002. Public Health Commission Rangapu Hauora Tumatanui. Water fluoridation in New Zealand: analysis and monitoring report. Wellington: Public Health Commission Rangapu Hauora Tumatanui; 1994. The British Fluoridation Society, The UK Public Health Association, The British Dental Association and The Faculty of Public Health. One in a Million, The Facts about water fluoridation 2nd Edition. 2004. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for using fluoride to prevent and control dental caries in the United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2001;50(RR-14). Bernard W. Stewart, Banding carcinogenic risks in developed countries: A procedural basis for qualitative assessment, Mutation Research -Review Jan-Feb 2008 Pages 124-151: article available from Science Direct. The Irish Forum on Fluoridation in 2002 stated that "Studies from China claiming that children exposed to high levels of fluoride had lower IQs than children exposed to low levels were found to be deeply flawed and provided no credible evidence that fluoride obtained from water or industrial pollution affects the intellectual development of children".

INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE IN SOCIETY Science Society Sustainability No to Fluoridation Dental disease increases six-fold by fluoridation The American Journal of Diseases of Children states: “With few exceptions the biochemistry of fluorine (fluoride) emphasizes its toxic features. The production of endemic dental fluorosis in human beings by drinking water is an outstanding example of the toxic effect of the excessive intake of the element.” Dental fluorosis is fluoride poisoning that causes hypomineral iz ation (irregular calcification) and a disorder of ameloblasts (enamel forming cells) that mottle, weaken and discolour childrens' teeth. In 2000 , the Newcastle NHS Trust reported dental fluorosis in 54% of children aged 8-9 years compared to 24% of 8-9 year olds in non-fluoridated Northumberland. The 1ppm (part per million) level of fluoride in UK water supplies deemed “safe” by government is 100 times higher than normally found in mothers milk. Prof Paul Connett, a leading authority on fluoride, spoke out at the Science, Medicine and The Law conference in London last week. He said, “There are no benefits only risks for infants ingesting heightened levels of fluoride at such an early age, [when] susceptibility to toxins are particularly high.” In 1999, Baroness Hayman responded in a Written Answer for the Government, “We accept that dental fluorosis is a manifestation of systemic toxicity.” Despite this sanction, the Government have backtracked on the safety of fluoride , supported by the British Dental Association, which states that fluoride is a positive step towards narrowing the health inequalities that currently exist. Source: http://www.i-sis.org.uk/NotoFluoridation.php

"The CDC’s Oral Health Division. The CDC has only one division that deals with fluoridation. This is the Oral Health Division (OHD), which is largely staffed by people with dental credentials. They have few staff with expertise in medicine and no toxicologists and risk assessment specialists. In short, they have no one qualified to make the judgment they made. Moreover, there is no one at the CDC – independent of the OHD - overseeing the safety of the fluoridation program. The OHD has a huge conflict of interest in this matter. They avidly promote fluoridation. They give awards to communities and states based upon their adoption of the practice. They even send out their top personnel to state legislatures to support mandatory statewide fluoridation bills. To all intents and purposes the OHD is an adjunct of the ADA. Most members of the public and the media know little of this background, so when the CDC makes pronouncements about the “safety and effectiveness” of fluoridation, journalists and officials take it at face value. Not a day goes by without someone in the world citing the CDC’s statement that fluoridation is “One of the top ten public health achievements of the 20th Century” (CDC, 1999). Those that cite this probably have no idea how incredibly poor the analysis was that supported this statement. The report was not externally peer reviewed, was six years out of date on health studies and the graphical evidence it offered to support the effectiveness of fluoridation was laughable and easily refuted." – 'Fluoridation Gamble Fails the Test of Time.' http://drpaulconnett.webs.com/articles.htm

No to Fluoridation DENTAL DISEASE INCREASE six-fold by fluoridation The American Journal of Diseases of Children states: “With few exceptions the biochemistry of fluorine (fluoride) emphasizes its toxic features. The production of endemic dental fluorosis in human beings by drinking water is an outstanding example of the toxic effect of the excessive intake of the element.” Dental fluorosis is fluoride poisoning that causes hypomineral iz ation (irregular calcification) and a disorder of ameloblasts (enamel forming cells) that mottle, weaken and discolour childrens' teeth. In 2000 , the Newcastle NHS Trust reported dental fluorosis in 54% of children aged 8-9 years compared to 24% of 8-9 year olds in non-fluoridated Northumberland. The 1ppm (part per million) level of fluoride in UK water supplies deemed “safe” by government is 100 times higher than normally found in mothers milk. Prof Paul Connett, a leading authority on fluoride, spoke out at the Science, Medicine and The Law conference in London last week. He said, “There are no benefits only risks for infants ingesting heightened levels of fluoride at such an early age, [when] susceptibility to toxins are particularly high.” In 1999, Baroness Hayman responded in a Written Answer for the Government, “We accept that dental fluorosis is a manifestation of systemic toxicity.” Despite this sanction, the Government have backtracked on the safety of fluoride , supported by the British Dental Association, which states that fluoride is a positive step towards narrowing the health inequalities that currently exist. Source: http://www.i-sis.org.uk/NotoFluoridation.php AUSTRALIAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION INC. POLICY STATEMENT COMMUNITY ORAL HEALTH PROMOTION FLUORIDE USE Extract: 2 Policy . 2.1 Water Fluoridation 
The Australian Dental Association recommends : . 2.1.1 Water fluoridation as the most effective, equitable and efficient measure for achieving reduction in dental caries incidence across a community. . 2.1.2 That the fluoridation of community water supplies is preferred as a safe and effective means of reducing the prevalence of dental caries in all age groups and should be implemented and maintained in those communities where there is an insufficient natural fluoride content for this purpose. . 2.1.3 That the optimum level of fluoride to be achieved in a water supply should take into account climatic conditions. . 2.1.4 That where fluoridation of water supplies is effected, there must be adequate control and supervision of the procedure. . 2.1.5 That Governments must adopt water fluoridation as part of Health Policy and actively promote its introduction, where it is feasible, as a public health measure. http://www.theage.com.au/opinion/a-system-in-decay-20120107-1ppd0.html This same appalling story in the USA also ‘fluoridated areas’ = dental crises –PROVIDE ACCESS TO AFFORDABLE DENTAL CARE SERVICES FOR ALL THE POPULATION NOT FLUOROSILICIC ACID/SILICOFLUORIDE POISONED WATER SUPPLIES & co contaminants from this toxic waste also incl. lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium et al (the evidence of cumulative harm from which is unquestionable and a country in dental crises despite this widespread and huge % of fluoride poison chemicals /fluoridation. (also in crises with kidney disease, alzheimers, bones diseases on top of the dental health crises) 'fluoridation is not safe not effective' end of story.

Official Queensland Government summary: Acute effects Most cases of acute poisoning in humans have been associated with suicidal or accidental ingestion of fluoride-containing insecticides and other products in the home. Acute fluoride poisoning is manifested by vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, cyanosis, severe weakness, dyspnoea, muscle spasms, paresis and paralyses, cardiovascular disorders including ventricular fibrillation, convulsions, coma and death. Fluoride kills by blocking normal cellular metabolism. Fluoride inhibits enzymes, particularly metallo-enzymes involved in essential processes, causing vital functions such as the initiation and transmission of nerve impulses to cease. The strong affinity of fluoride for calcium leads to hypocalcaemia. The first manifestations of fluoride poisoning (nausea, vomiting) are seen with the ingestion of 140 mg to 210 mg of fluoride per 70 kg body weight. The lethal dose is 32 mg to 64 mg fluoride/kg body weight. Chronic effects Occupational skeletal fluorosis has been reported mainly from aluminium production, magnesium foundries, fluorspar processing and superphosphate manufacture. Osteofluorosis can be asymptomatic in its early phases, appearing radiologically as an increase in bone density of the vertebrae and the pelvis. With increasing fluoride, radiological changes show increasing bone density bone contours and trabeculae become uneven and blurred, the bones of the extremities show thickening of the compact bone and irregular periosteal growth (exostoses and osteophytes), and there is increasing evidence of calcification in ligaments, tendons and muscle insertions.10 With increased radiological density, clinical signs and symptoms become more severe, especially pain in the joints of hands, feet, knees and spine. With increasing severity, the pain increases and movement of the vertebral column and lower limbs becomes limited. Finally ossification of the ligaments and outgrowths of bony spurs in joints may result in fusion of the spine (‘poker back’) and contractures of the hips and knees. This severe stage of crippling fluorosis has been associated with heavy industrial fluoride exposure.

Statement on drinking water fluoridation Sep-08 www.cape.ca The Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment (CAPE) does not support fluoridation of drinking water for the following reasons. 1) The decline in caries in communities that are fluoridated has been highly significant -- but so has the decline that has occurred in non-fluoridated communities. There has, in fact, been a general decline in dental caries throughout the Western world, and the decline in fluoridated cities has not exceeded that in non-fluoridated communities. For example, BC drinking water is 95% non-fluoridated, whereas drinking water in Alberta is 75% fluoridated; yet the two provinces have similar rates of caries. Furthermore, Europe is 98% non-fluoridated, but global European dental health is generally equivalent to or better than that in North America. Whatever the reason for the decline in dental caries, it can not be concluded that it is the result of drinking water fluoridation. 2) The incidence of toxic effects in humans from fluoridation may well have been underestimated. The most serious potential association is with osteosarcoma in boys, which appears to have been loosely associated with age of exposure to fluoride. It is true that the CDC has (as has the original researcher) acknowledged that current data are tentative, but a further larger-scale study is pending from the Harvard School of Dentistry. At the very least, such data are grounds for caution. 3) Animal studies have shown a wide range of adverse effects associated with fluoride. It has been shown to be a potential immunotoxin, embryotoxin, neurotoxin and harmful to bony tissues, including both dental and ordinary bone. In addition, it can damage (inhibit) thyroid function in several species, including humans. Its effect on ecosystem balance has been little researched, but is unlikely to be positive. 4) The intake of fluoride from drinking water is uncontrolled, and can lead to dental fluorosis in children who are inclined to drink large amounts of water. Both natural and artificially fluoridated water can cause this effect, which is, of course, simply a visible representation of an effect on the entire bony skeleton. The cost of repairing teeth damaged by fluorosis is not trivial; moderate to severe effects can require $15,000 or more in dental fees. It seems clear that a) fluoridation is unlikely to be the cause of the decline in caries in Europe and North America b) the potential for adverse effects is real, and c) current evidence points in the direction of caution. Over the last decade, recommendations with respect to acceptable fluoride exposure have steadily declined, and cautions have increased. Any dental benefit that may accrue from fluoride exposure is fully achieved by controlled topical application of fluoride compounds by trained dental professionals, not by fluoride ingestion. [The analysis of Dr. Hardy Limeback (www.fluoridealert.org/limeback.htm), Head, Preventive Dentistry, at the University of Toronto, further clarifies these points.] Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment On the basis of this "weight of evidence" we believe that fluoridation of drinking water is scientifically untenable, and should not be part of a public health initiative or program.

FLUORIDE HEALTH EFFECTS DATABASE - OVERVIEW PAGE http://www.fluoridealert.org/health/ “Over the past ten years a large body of peer-reviewed science has raised concerns that fluoride may present unreasonable health risks, particularly among children, at levels routinely added to tap water in American cities.” ENVIRONMENTAL WORKING GROUP, July 2005. "In summary, we hold that fluoridation is an unreasonable risk." US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY HEADQUARTERS' UNION, 2001. “Carefully conducted studies of exposure to fluoride and emerging health parameters of interest (e.g., endocrine effects and brain function) should be performed in populations in the United States exposed to various concentrations of fluoride.” US NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, 2006 "I am quite convinced that water fluoridation, in a not-too-distant future, will be consigned to medical history." Dr. ARVID CARLSSON, Pharmacologist, Nobel Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, 2000. FLUORIDE ACCIDENTS & POISONINGS (Click for more detail) Fluoride, the active ingredient in many pesticides and rodenticides, is a powerful poison - more acutely poisonous than lead. Because of this, accidental over-ingestion of fluoride can cause serious toxic symptoms. Each year there are thousands of reports to Poison Control centers in the United States related to excessive ingestion of fluoride toothpastes, mouthrinses, and supplements. Water fluoridation accidents, resulting in excess levels of fluoride in water, have been one of the sources of acute fluoride poisoning. FLUORIDE & DENTAL FLUOROSIS (Click for more detail) Excessive ingestion of fluoride during the early childhood years can damage the tooth-forming cells, leading to a defect in the enamel known as dental fluorosis. Teeth impacted by fluorosis have visible discoloration, ranging from white spots to brown and black stains. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 32% of American children now have some form of dental fluorosis, with 2 to 4% of children having the moderate to severe stages (CDC 2005). According to Dr. Hardy Limeback, Head of Preventive Dentistry at the University of Toronto, "it is illogical to assume that tooth enamel is the only tissue affected by low daily doses of fluoride ingestion. FLUORIDE & ALLERGY/HYPERSENSITIVITY (Click for more detail) As acknowledged by the Physicians' Desk Reference, some individuals are allergic/hypersensitive to fluoride. The largest, government-funded, clinical trial found that 1% of individuals exposed to 1 mg/day of fluoride exhibited allergic/hypersensitive reactions, including skin reactions, gastric distress, and headache. FLUORIDE & the KIDNEYS(Click for more detail) The kidneys play a vital role in preventing the build-up of excessive fluoride in the body. Among healthy individuals, the kidneys excrete approximately 50% of the daily fluoride intake. However, among individuals with kidney disease, the kidneys' ability to excrete becomes markedly impaired, resulting in a build-up of fluoride within the body. It is well recognized that individuals with kidney disease have a heightened susceptibility to the cumulative toxic effects of fluoride. Of particular concern is the potential for fluoride, when accumulated in the skeletal system, to cause, or exacerbate, renal osteodystrophy - a bone disease commonly found among people with advanced kidney disease. In addition, fluoride has been definitively shown to poison kidney function at high doses over short-term exposures in both animals and humans. The impact of low doses of fluoride, given over long periods of time, has been inadequately studied. A recent animal study, conducted by scientists at the US Environmental Protection Agency (Varner 1998), reported that exposure to just 1 ppm fluoride caused kidney damage in rats if they drank the water for an extended period of time, while a new study from China found an increased rate of kidney disease among humans consuming more than 2 ppm (Liu 2005). Hence, the adverse effects to kidney function that fluoride causes at high doses over short periods of time, may also be replicated with small doses if consumed over long periods of time. FLUORIDE & the BRAIN (Click for more detail) Fluoride's ability to damage the brain represents one of the most active areas of research on fluoride toxicity today. Concern about fluoride's impact on the brain has been fueled by 18 human studies (from China, Mexico, India, and Iran) reporting IQ deficits among children exposed to excess fluoride, by 4 human studies indicating that fluoride can enter, and damage, the fetal brain; and by a growing number of animal studies finding damage to brain tissue (at levels as low as 1 ppm) and impairment of learning and memory among fluoride-treated groups. According to the US National Research Council, "it is apparent that fluorides have the ability to interfere with the functions of the brain." FLUORIDE & the PINEAL GLAND (Click for more detail) In the 1990s, it was discovered that the pineal gland is a major site of fluoride accumulation within the body - with higher concentrations of fluoride than either teeth or bone. Subsequent animal studies indicate that the accumulation of fluoride in the pineal gland can reduce the gland's synthesis of melatonin, a hormone that helps regulate the onset of puberty. Fluoride-treated animals were found to have reduced levels of circulating melatonin and an earlier onset of puberty than untreated animals. The scientist who conducted the research concluded: "The safety of the use of fluorides ultimately rests on the assumption that the developing enamel organ is most sensitive to the toxic effects of fluoride. The results from this study suggest that the pinealocytes may be as susceptible to fluoride as the developing enamel organ" (Luke 1997). The fact that fluoride's impact on the pineal gland was never studied, or even considered, before the 1990s, highlights a major gap in knowledge underpinning current policies on fluoride and health. According to the US National Research Council, "any agent that affects pineal function could affect human health in a variety of ways, including effects on sexual maturation, calcium metabolism, parathyroid function, postmenopausal osteoporosis, cancer, and psychiatric disease.” FLUORIDE & the THYROID GLAND (Click for more detail) According to the US National Research Council, "several lines of information indicate an effect of fluoride exposure on thyroid function" - particularly among individuals with an iodine deficiency. Fluoride's potential to impair thyroid function is most clearly illustrated by the fact that -- up until the 1970s -- European doctors used fluoride as a thyroid-suppressing medication for patients with hyperthyroidism (over-active thyroid). Fluoride was utilized because it was found effective at reducing the activity of the thyroid gland - even at doses as low as 2 mg/day. Today, many people living in fluoridated communities are ingesting doses of fluoride (1.6-6.6 mg/day) that fall within the range of doses (2 to 10 mg/day) once used by doctors to reduce thyroid activity in hyperthyroid patients. This is of particular concern considering the widespread problem of hypothyroidism (under-active thyroid) in the United States. Symptoms of hypothyroidism include obesity, lethargy, depression, and heart disease. FLUORIDE & BONE DISEASE (Click for more detail) Excessive exposure to fluoride is well known to cause a bone disease called skeletal fluorosis. Skeletal fluorosis, especially in its early stages, is a difficult disease to diagnose, and can be readily confused with various forms of arthritis including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. In its advanced stages, fluorosis can resemble a multitude of bone/joint diseases. In individuals with kidney disease, fluoride exposure can contribute to, and/or exacerbate, renal osteodystrophy. FLUORIDE & BONE FRACTURE(Click for more detail) The majority of animal studies investigating fluoride's effect on bone strength, have found fluoride to either have no effect or a negative effect on strength. According to the US National Research Council, "The weight of evidence indicates that, although fluoride might increase bone volume, there is less strength per unit volume." Studies on human populations consuming fluoride in drinking water have found an association between dental fluorosis and increased bone fracture in children; and between long-term consumption of fluoridated water and increased hip fracture in the elderly. Carefully conducted human clinical trials - including two "double-blind trials" - have found that fluoride (at doses of 18-34 mg/day for just 1-4 years) increases the rate of bone fracture, particularly hip fracture, among osteoporosis patients. FLUORIDE & CANCER (Click for more detail) According to the National Toxicology Program, "the preponderance of evidence" from laboratory 'in vitro' studies indicates that fluoride is a mutagenic compound. Many substances which cause mutagenic damage also cause cancer. While the concentrations of fluoride causing mutagenic damage in laboratory studies are higher than the concentrations found in human blood, there are certain "microenvironments" in the body (e.g. the bones and the bladder) where the concentrations of fluoride can accumulate to levels comparable to, or in excess of, those causing mutagenic effects in the laboratory. Fluoride has been found to cause bone cancer (osteosarcoma) in government animal studies and rates of osteosarcoma among young males living in fluoridated areas have been found to be higher than young males living in unfluoridated areas. Osteosarcoma, while rare, is a very serious cancer. Children who develop osteosarcoma face a high probability of death (usually within 3 years) or amputation. Fluoride exposure has also been linked to bladder cancer - particularly among workers exposed to excess fluoride in the workplace. According to the US National Research Council, “further research on a possible effect of fluoride on bladder cancer risk should be conducted.” FLUORIDE & the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (Click for more detail) Among people hypersensitive to fluoride, gastrointestinal ailments have been produced following ingestion of 1 mg tablets of fluoride or consumption of 1 ppm fluoridated water. A single ingestion of as little as 3 mg of fluoride, in carefully controlled clinical trials, has been found to produce damage to the gastric mucosa in healthy adult volunteers. No research on the gastric mucosa has ever been conducted to determine the effect of lower doses with repeated exposure. FLUORIDE & TOOTH DECAY (Caries)(Click for more detail) According to the current consensus view of the dental research community, fluoride's primary - if not sole - benefit to teeth comes from TOPICAL application to the exterior surface of teeth, not from ingestion. Perhaps not surprisingly, therefore, tooth decay rates have declined at similar rates in all western countries in the latter half of the 20th century - irrespective of whether the country fluoridates its water or not. Today, tooth decay rates throughout continental western Europe are as low as the tooth decay rates in the United States - despite a profound disparity in water fluoridation prevalence in the two regions. Within countries that fluoridate their water, recent large-scale surveys of dental health - utilizing modern scientific methods not employed in the early surveys from the 1930s-1950s - have found little difference in tooth decay, including "baby bottle tooth decay", between fluoridated and unfluoridated communities.

HEALTH EFFECTS: Fluoride & the Brain http://www.fluoridealert.org/health/brain/ Health Effects Key Findings - Fluoride & the Brain: (Click for more detail) 1) Fluoride's ability to damage the brain represents one of the most active areas of research on fluoride toxicity today. 2) The research on fluoride and the brain has been fueled by 18 human studies from China, India, Iran, and Mexico finding elevated levels of fluoride exposure to be associated with IQ deficits in children. Fluoride's impact on IQ is exacerbated among children with low-iodine exposure. 3) The impact of fluoride on children's IQ has been documented even after controlling for children's lead exposure, iodine exposure, parental education and income status, and other known factors that might impact the results (Rocha-Amador 2007; Xiang 2003 a,b). 4) In addition to IQ studies, 3 studies (Yu 1996; Du 1992; Han 1989) have found that fluoride accumulates in the brain of the fetus, causing damage to cells and neurotransmitters and 1 study (Li 2004) has found a correlation between exposure to fluoride during fetal development and behavioral deficits among neonates. 5) Several recent studies have found that even adult exposures to fluoride may result in central nervous system disturbances, particularly among industrial workers. 5) The findings of neurological effects in fluoride-exposed humans is consistent with, and strengthened by, recent findings from over 40 animal studies published since 1992. As with the studies on humans, the studies on animals have reported an impairment in learning and memory prorcesses among the fluoride-treated groups. 6) The animal studies have also documented considerable evidence of direct toxic effects of fluoride on brain tissue, even at levels as low as 1 ppm fluoride in water (Varner 1998). These effects include: -- reduction in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; -- reduction in lipid content; -- impaired anti-oxidant defense systems; -- damage to the hippocampus; -- damage to the purkinje cells; -- increased uptake of aluminum; -- formation of beta-amyloid plaques (the classic brain abnormality in Alzheimer's disease); -- exacerbation of lesions induced by iodine deficiency; and -- accumulation of fluoride in the pineal gland. Articles of Interest - Fluoride & the Brain: (back to top) • NEW: FAN's Translation Project: Chinese Research on Fluoride's Neurotoxicity • New Evidence on Fluoride & the Developing Brain - FAN, January 17, 2008 • Excerpts from NRC Report - FAN, March 28, 2006 • Yet more research on fluoride and the brain - FAN Science Watch June 25, 2004 • Fluoride's effects on the brain - Ellen Connett, Director, Fluoride Action Network Pesticide Project, April 19, 2004 • Fluoride Linked to Low IQ, Studies Show - Fluoride Action Network August 25, 2003 • In Harm's Way: Toxic Threats to Child Development Greater Boston Physicians for Social Responsibility May 2000 • On the Neurotoxicity of Fluoride Phyllis Mullenix, Ph.D., September 14, 1998 • Fluoride & The Brain: An Interview with Dr. Phyllis Mullenix Interview by Paul Connett, PhD, October 18, 1997 • Fluoride & the Pineal Gland IFIN Bulletin, March 2001 • Rat Studies Link Brain Cell Damage With Aluminum and Fluoride in Water Wall Street Journal October 28, 1992 Available Full-Text Papers Online - Fluoride & the Brain: (back to top) NEW: FAN's Translation Project: Chinese Research on Fluoride's Neurotoxicity FULL-TEXT (pdf): Xiang Q, et al. (2003). Effect of fluoride in drinking water on children's intelligence. Fluoride 36: 84-94. FULL-TEXT (pdf): Lu Y, et al (2000). Effect of high-fluoride water on intelligence of children. Fluoride 33:74-78. FULL-TEXT (pdf): Varner JA, et al. (1998). Chronic administration of aluminum-fluoride and sodium-fluoride to rats in drinking water: alterations in neuronal and cerebrovascular integrity. Brain Research 784: 284-298. FULL-TEXT (pdf): Mullenix P, et al. (1995).Neurotoxicity of sodium fluoride in rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 17:169-177. FULL-TEXT (html): Lin Fa-Fu; et al (1991). The relationship of a low-iodine and high-fluoride environment to subclinical cretinism in Xinjiang. Iodine Deficiency Disorder Newsletter Vol. 7. No. 3. (August). NOTABLE QUOTES- Fluoride's Impact on the Brain: (back to top) "it is apparent that fluorides have the ability to interfere with the functions of the brain." SOURCE: National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. p 187. "Studies in animals and human populations suggest that fluoride exposure, at levels that are experienced by a significant proportion of the population whose drinking water is fluoridated, may have adverse impacts on the developing brain. Though no final conclusions may be reached from available data, the findings are provocative and of significant public health concern." SOURCE: Schettler T, et al. (2000). Known and suspected developmental neurotoxicants. pp. 90-92. In: In Harms Way - Toxic Threats to Child Development. Greater Boston Physicians for Social Responsibility: Cambridge, MA. (See report) “Fluorides also increase the production of free radicals in the brain through several different biological pathways. These changes have a bearing on the possibility that fluorides act to increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.” SOURCE: National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. p 186. “Studies of populations exposed to different concentrations of fluoride should be undertaken to evaluate neurochemical changes that may be associated with dementia. Consideration should be given to assessing effects from chronic exposure, effects that might be delayed or occur late-in-life, and individual susceptibility.” SOURCE: National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. p 187. HUMAN STUDIES- Fluoride's Impact on IQ: (back to top) “We found that exposure to fluoride (F) in urine was associated with reduced Performance, Verbal, and Full IQ scores before and after adjusting for confounders. The same pattern was observed for models with F in water as the exposure variable.... The individual effect of F in urine indicated that for each mg increase of F in urine a decrease of 1.7 points in Full IQ might be expected.” SOURCE: Rocha-Amador D, et al. (2007). Decreased intelligence in children and exposure to fluoride and arsenic in drinking water. Cadernos de Saude Publica 23(Suppl 4):S579-87. "These negative correlations between IQ and urinary As and between IQ and urinary fluoride indicate that exposure to high levels of As or fluoride, or both, could affect children’s intelligence... This study indicates that exposure to fluoride in drinking water is associated with neurotoxic effects in children." SOURCE: Wang SX, et al. (2007). Arsenic and fluoride exposure in drinking water: children's IQ and growth in Shanyin county, Shanxi province, China. Environmental Health Perspectives 115(4):643-7. "In agreement with other studies elsewhere, these findings indicate that children drinking high F water are at risk for impaired development of intelligence." SOURCE: Trivedi MH, et al. (2007). Effect of high fluoride water on intelligence of school children in India. Fluoride 40(3):178-183. "Based on the findings of this study, exposure of children to high levels of fluoride may carry the risk of impaired development of intelligence." SOURCE: Seraj B, et al. (2006). [Effect of high fluoride concentration in drinking water on children’s intelligence]. Journal of Dental Medicine 19(2):80-86. "A few epidemiologic studies of Chinese populations have reported IQ deficits in children exposed to fluoride at 2.5 to 4 mg/L in drinking water. Although the studies lacked sufficient detail for the committee to fully assess their quality and relevance to U.S. populations, the consistency of the results appears significant enough to warrant additional research on the effects of fluoride on intelligence." SOURCE: National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. p. 6. "Conclusion: High fluoride burden has a definite effect on the intellectual and physical development of children." SOURCE: Wang S, et al. (2005). Effects of coal burning related endemic fluorosis on body development and intelligence levels of children. Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics 20(9): 897-898. "In our study, it was shown that the average IQ of children in a fluoride endemic area was somewhat lower than the control, but the result was not significant (P>0.05). The rate of children with “low” IQs, however, was elevated as compared to the control, and this was very statistically significant... Our study showed that, within the fluoride endemic area, the average IQ of children suffering from dental fluorosis is clearly lower than those that show no signs of the disease, and this result is very significant (P <0.01). This IQ difference of 8.12 suggests that children suffering from dental fluorosis might be particularly sensitive to excess fluoride, and that the manifestation of this is not limited to the typical symptoms of fluorosis, but, more seriously, also disrupts intellectual development." SOURCE: Li Y, et al. (2003). The effects of endemic fluoride poisoning on the intellectual development of children in Baotou. Chinese Journal of Public Health Management 19(4):337-338. “Higher drinking water fluoride levels were significantly associated with higher rates of mental retardation (IQ <70) and borderline intelligence (IQ 70-79)... In endemic fluorosis areas, drinking water fluoride levels greater than 1.0 mg/L may adversely affect the development of children's intelligence.” SOURCE: Xiang Q, et al. (2003a). Effect of fluoride in drinking water on children's intelligence. Fluoride 36: 84-94. "As an additional part of our investigation of an association between fluoride in drinking water and children’s intelligence in two villages of Sihong County, Jiangsu Province, China, we have now determined blood lead levels of children in that study... The results show there is essentially no difference between the two villages in blood lead concentrations of the children... These results thus make it very unlikely that the differences in IQ of the children living in Wamiao and Xinhuai are the result of differences in exposure to lead rather than to fluoride." SOURCE: Xiang Q, et al. (2003b). Blood lead of children in Wamiao-Xinhuai intelligence study. Fluoride 36: 198-199. "After controlling by significant confounders, urinary fluoride correlated positively with reaction time and inversely with the scores in visuospatial organization. IQ scores were not influenced by fluoride exposure. An increase in reaction time could affect the attention process, also the low scores in visuospatial organization could be affecting the reading and writing abilities in these children.” SOURCE: Calderon J, et al. (2000). Influence of fluoride exposure on reaction time and visuospatial organization in children. Epidemiology 11(4): S153. "In terms of IQ ranking, the high fluoride groups showed significant deficits as compared to control (P<0.01)... Conclusion: When fluoride and iodine levels in excess of national standards for drinking water are present in the same area and ingested together, the harmful effects of fluoride are more pronounced, and the resulting damage compounded." SOURCE: Hong F, et al. (2001). A study of fluorine effects on children's intelligence development under different environments. Chinese Primary Health Care 15: 56-57. “The IQ of the 60 children in the high-fluoride area was significantly lower than that of the 58 children in the low-fluoride area... More children in the high-fluoride area were in the retardation or borderline categories of IQ than children in the low fluoride area. An inverse relationship was also present between IQ and the urinary fluoride level. Exposure of children to high levels of fluoride may therefore carry the risk of impaired development of intelligence.” SOURCE: Lu Y, et al (2000). Effect of high-fluoride water on intelligence of children. Fluoride 33:74-78. "A study of intelligence quotient (IQ) in China was conducted using Wickler's Intelligence Quotient Table for preschool children, in 4-7 year-old children, 147 from a district with high level of fluoride and 83 from a control area. High F intake had a significant influence on IQ of preschool children. Operation IQ was mainly affected." SOURCE: Wang G, et al. (1996). Research on intelligence quotient of 4-7 year-old children in a district with a high level of fluoride. Endemic Diseases Bulletin 11:60-62. "In Shanxi Province, China, children living in the endemic fluoride village of Sima located near Xiaoyi City had average IQ significantly lower than children living to the north in the nonendemic village of Xinghua.” SOURCE: Zhao LB, et al (1996). Effect of high-fluoride water supply on children's intelligence. Fluoride 29: 190-192. “The intelligence was measured of 907 children aged 8-13 years living in areas which differed in the amount of fluoride present in the environment. The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of children living in areas with a medium or severe prevalence of fluorosis was lower than that of children living in areas with only slight fluorosis or no fluorosis. The development of intelligence appeared to be adversely affected by fluoride in the areas with a medium or severe prevalence of fluorosis. A high fluoride intake was associated with a lower intelligence.” SOURCE: Li XS. (1995). Effect of Fluoride Exposure on Intelligence in Children. Fluoride 28:189-192. “We made an investigation in 157 children, aged 12-13, born and grew up in a coal burning pattern endemic fluorosis area and an experiment on excessive fluoride intake in rat. The results showed: (1) Excessive fluoride intake since early childhood would reduce mental work capacity (MWC) and hair zinc content: (2) The effect on zinc metabolism was a mechanism of influence on MWC by excessive fluoride intake...” SOURCE: Li Y, et al. (1994). [Effect of excessive fluoride intake on mental work capacity of children and a preliminary study of its mechanism] Hua Hsi I Ko Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao. 25:188-91. "An excess of fluoride and a lack of iodine in the same environment has been shown to have a marked effect on child intellectual development, causing a more significant intellectual deficit than lack of iodine alone. The subject group of children from the high fluoride, high iodine zone have an average IQ of 76.67±7.75, which was somewhat less than the control (IQ = 81.67 ±11.9), though the different is not significant (P>0.05). However, the percentage of subject children in the low range (16.67%) is higher than the control, suggesting that a high iodine, high fluoride environment also has a definite negative influence on child intellectual ability." SOURCE: Yang Y, et al. (1994). Effects of high iodine and high fluorine on children's intelligence and the metabolism of iodine and fluorine. Chinese Journal of Pathology 15(5):296-8. "The results of this study show that the children living in high fluoride areas have lower IQs than the children from the non-endemic area. Also, there were many more children from the endemic area with an IQ score ranking of below the borderline low level as compared to the control; in the endemic area, there were 18 such subject, or 30% of the total, while in the non-endemic area there were only 7, or a rate of 11.5%. The difference between the two groups is significant. The overall distribution shows marked difference, with the scores in control group on average one rank higher than the control... In summary, although diminished intellectual ability can result from a multitude of factors (both innate and acquired) that influence neural development and cell division in the cerebrum, the comparison conducted in this study of two areas where the other environment factors are basically the same shows clear differences in IQ, and it's probable that this difference is due to a high fluoride environment. It is not clear whether the underlying mechanism is fetal exposure to fluoride resulting from the poisoning of the mother or intake of fluoride after birth (in either case causing a disruption nerve cell development leading to mental deficits); this matter awaits further study." SOURCE: Guo XC, et al. (1991). A preliminary exploration of IQ of 7-13 year old pupils in a fluorosis area with contamination from burning coal. Chinese Journal of Endemiology 10:98-100. "This results of this study indicate that there is significant difference between the intellectual ability of the 7 – 14 year old children from the endemic area and those of the control, and moreover that the average IQ of the children from the endemic area is clearly lower. In the endemic region, the children in the 80-89 range and below make up more than 25% of the total, while in the control range only 18% of the children fall into that range, demonstrating that high fluoride has a direct connection with the intellectual development of children." SOURCE: Chen YX, et al. (1991). Research on the intellectual development of children in high fluoride areas. Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases. 6(supplement):99-100. “The significant differences in IQ among these regions suggests that fluoride can exacerbate central nervous lesions and somatic developmental disturbance caused by iodine deficiency. This may be in keeping with fluoride's known ability to cause degenerative changes in central nervous system cells and to inhibit the activities of many enzymes, including choline enzymes, causing disturbance of the nerve impulse.” SOURCE: Lin Fa-Fu; et al (1991). The relationship of a low-iodine and high-fluoride environment to subclinical cretinism in Xinjiang. Iodine Deficiency Disorder Newsletter Vol. 7. No. 3. "By testing of the intellectual ability of 447 elementary school students ranging in age from 9 to 10 1/2, it was discovered that both high and low fluoride had an effect on child intelligence. Fluoride levels greater than 2.0 mg/L or less than 0.2 mg/L can disrupt intellectual development." SOURCE: Qin LS, Cui SY. (1990). The influence of drinking water fluoride on pupils IQ, as measured by Rui Wen's standards. Chinese Journal of the Control of Endemic Diseases 5:203-204. "The effect of a harmful environment containing both high fluoride and low iodine on the development of child mental ability has yet to be reported on. To investigate this question, the authors used the Wechsler Intelligence Test to determine the IQs of a total of 329 eight- to fourteen-year-old children living in nine high fluoride, low iodine villages and seven villages that had only low levels of iodine. We discovered that the IQs of children from high fluoride, low iodine villages were clearly lower than those from the villages with low iodine alone." SOURCE: Ren Da-Li. (1989). An investigation of intelligence development of children aged 8-14 years in high-fluoride and low-iodine areas. Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases 4:251. HUMAN STUDIES- Fluoride's Impact on the Developing Brain (Fetuses/Infants): (back to top) "The effects of excessive fluoride intake during pregnancy on neonatal neurobehavioural development and the neurodevelopment toxicity of fluoride were evaluated. Ninety-one normal neonates delivered at the department of obstetrics and gynecology in five hospitals of Zhaozhou County, Heilongjiang province, China were randomly selected from December 2002 to January 2003. The subjects were divided into two groups (high fluoride and control) based on the fluoride content in the drinking water of pregnant women. The results showed that the urinary fluoride levels of mothers from the high fluoride group were higher than those of the control group. There were significant differences in the neonatal behavioral neurological assessment score and neonatal behavioral score between the subjects in endemic areas and the control group. There were also significant differences in the non-biological visual orientation reaction and biological visual and auditory orientation reaction between the two groups. It is concluded that fluoride is toxic to neurodevelopment. Excessive fluoride intake during pregnancy can cause adverse effects on neonatal neurobehavioural development." SOURCE: Li J, Yao L, Shao Q-L. (2004). Effects of high-fluoride on neonatal neurobehavioural development. Chinese Journal of Endemiology 23:464-465. "The levels of neurotransmitters and receptors in brain tissue of aborted fetuses from areas of endemic fluorosis were tested. The results showed that in 10 subjects from a high fluoride area ranging in age from 5 to 7 months, the levels of norepinephrine, 5-hydroxyltryptamine, and α1-receptor were lower and the level of epinephrine higher as compared with levels seen in the control fetuses from a non-fluorosis endemic area; each of these results was statistically significant (P<0.05). Other monoamine neurotransmitters and metabolic products, such as dopamine, 5-hydroxy-indole acetic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid showed no significant differences (P>0.05). The results suggest that the accumulation of fluoride in the brain tissue can disrupt the synthesis of certain neurotransmitters and receptors in nerve cells, leading to neural dysplasia or other damage." SOURCE: Yu Y, et al. (1996). Changes in neurotransmitters and their receptors in human foetal brain from an endemic fluorosis area. Chinese Journal of Endemiology 15:257-259. “Fifteen therapeutically aborted fetuses at the 5th-8th gestation month from the endemic fluorosis area were compared with those from the non-endemic area. Stereological study of the brains showed that the numerical density of volume of the neurons and the undifferentiated neuroblasts as well as the nucleus-cytoplasm ratio of the neurons were increased. The mean volume of the neurons was reduced. The numerical density of volume, the volume density and the surface density of the mitochondria were significantly reduced. The results showed that chronic fluorosis in the course of intrauterine fetal life may produce certain harmful effects on the developing brain of the fetus.” SOURCE: Du L. (1992). [The effect of fluorine on the developing human brain]. Chung-hua Ping Li Hsueh Tsa Chih. 21:218-20. "Fluoride can pass through the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in brain tissue, thus in our study the brain tissue of the fetuses from the fluoride endemic area showed higher fluoride levels than the control. The mechanisms involved are not yet clear. Besides increased amounts of fluoride, the brain tissue of the endemic subjects also showed nerve cells with swollen mitochondria, expanded granular endoplasmic reticula, grouping of the chromatin, damage to the nuclear envelope, a lower number of synapses, fewer mitochondria, microtubules, and vesicles within the synapses, and damage to the synaptic membrane. These changes indicate that fluoride can retard the growth and division of cells in the cerebral cortex. Fewer mitochondria, microtubules, and vesicles within the synapses could lead to fewer connections between neurons and abnormal synaptic function, influencing the intellectual development after birth. These questions await further research." SOURCE: Han H, et al. (1989). The effects of fluorine on human fetus. Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases 4:136-138. HUMAN STUDIES- Fluoride's Impact on the Adult Brain: (back to top) "The results of the NCTB (neurobehavioral core test battery) testing show the exposed groups with significant differences for various indices as compared to the reference standards and the control, with particular deficits in attention, auditory retention, and physical dexterity and acuity as well as abnormal emotional states. This is consistent with the symptoms of endemic fluoride poisoning, suggesting occupational exposure to fluoride has a harmful effect on the higher functions of the central nervous system, negatively influencing both cognitive and autonomic functioning. There is a definite relationship between the damage caused by fluoride and the level of exposure. The correlation analysis shows that, with the exception of visual retention and digit symbol testing, serum fluoride is negatively correlated with all relevant indices, further demonstrating the cause and effect relationship between occupational fluoride exposure and neurobehavioral function; these tests can be used as early indicators to help protect the health of workers exposed to fluoride as part of their jobs." SOURCE: Guo Z, et al. (2001). Study on neurobehavioral function of workers occupationally exposed to fluoride. Industrial Health and Occupational Disease 27:346-348. “Sulfuryl fluoride exposure over the year preceding examination was associated with significantly reduced performance on the Pattern Memory Test and on olfactory testing... CONCLUSIONS: Occupational sulfuryl fluoride exposures may be associated with subclinical effects on the central nervous system, including effects on olfactory and some cognitive functions.” SOURCE: Calvert GM, et al. (1998). Health effects associated with sulfuryl fluoride and methyl bromide exposure among structural fumigation workers. American Journal of Public Health 88:1774-80. "Although the blood-brain barrier is relatively impermeable to fluoride, it does not pose an absolute barrier and fluoride has the ability to enter the brain. The literature was examined to assess the quality of the evidence for cerebral impairment occurring due to exposure to fluoride from therapeutic or environmental sources. Several surveys of persons chronically exposed to industrial fluoride pollution reported symptoms related to impaired central nervous system functioning with impaired cognition and memory. Examination of individual case reports showed the evidence for aetiological relationships between symptoms and fluoride exposure to be of variable quality. The evidence was seen as being suggestive of a relationship rather than being definitive. The difficulties with concentration and memory described in relation to exposure to fluoride did not occur in isolation but were accompanied by other symptoms of which general malaise and fatigue were central. Possible mechanisms whereby fluoride could affect brain function include influencing calcium currents, altering enzyme configuration by forming strong hydrogen bonds with amide groups, inhibiting cortical adenylyl cyclase activity and increasing phosphoinositide hydrolysis." SOURCE: Spittle B. (1994). Psychopharmacology of fluoride: a review. International clinical psychopharmacology 9:79-82. ANIMAL STUDIES - Fluoride's Impact on Brain (Behavior/ Learning/ Memory): (back to top) "Overall, these results suggest that moderate intoxication with sodium fluoride has potentially deleterious effects on learning and memory." SOURCE: Chioca LR, et al. (2007). Subchronic fluoride intake induces impairment in habituation and active avoidance tasks in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology Oct 25; [Epub ahead of print] "The results of the present study indicate that perinatal exposure to sodium fluoride (NaF), at dose levels below those associated with gross malformations and/or overt neurotoxic effects, produces both short and long term sex and dose specific neurobehavioural alterations in rat offspring." SOURCE: Bera I, et al. (2007). Neurofunctional effects of developmental sodium fluoride exposure in rats. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 11(4):211-24. "Additional animal studies designed to evaluate reasoning are needed. These studies must be carefully designed to measure cognitive skills beyond rote learning or the acquisition of simple associations, and test environmentally relevant doses of fluoride." SOURCE: National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. p. 187. "In comparison with control rats, the learning and memory ability of the offspring rats was depressed by high fluoride, low iodine, or the combination of high fluoride and low iodine." SOURCE: Wang J, et al. (2004). Effects of high fluoride and low iodine on biochemical indexes of the brain and learning-memory of offspring rats. Fluoride 37: 201-208. "Fluoride intoxicated animals also performed poorly in motor co-ordination tests and maze tests. Inability to perform well increased with higher fluoride concentration in drinking water.” SOURCE: Bhatnagar M, et al. (2002). Neurotoxicity of fluoride: neurodegeneration in hippocampus of female mice. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 40: 546-54. “Administration of sodium fluoride with drinking water produced both behavioural and dental toxicities and not lethality in the present study. A suppression of spontaneous motor activity, a shortening of rota-rod endurance time, a decreased body weight gain and food intake, a suppression of total cholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase activities and dental lesion were observed in test animals.” SOURCE: Ekambaram P, Paul V. (2001). Calcium preventing locomotor behavioral and dental toxicities of fluoride by decreasing serum fluoride level in rats. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 9(4):141-146. “The main results showed that the learning capability of mice drinking higher concentration of fluoride presented remarkable deterioration.” SOURCE: Zhang Z, et al. (2001). [Effects of selenium on the damage of learning-memory ability of mice induced by fluoride]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 30(3):144-6. “Learning and memory abilities of high-fluoride exposed groups were significantly lower than that of the control group, while the brain ChE activities of high-fluoride exposed groups were significantly higher. Conclusions: High fluoride concentration in drinking water can decrease the cerebral functions of mice. Fluoride is a neurotoxicant.” SOURCE: Sun ZR, et al. (2000). Effects of high fluoride drinking water on the cerebral functions of mice. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 19: 262-263. “The main results are as follows: the learning ability of mice drinking high concentration of fluoride presented remarkable deterioration... The results suggested that the impairment on the learning capability induced by fluorosis may be closely related with the pathological changes of synaptic structure in the brain of mice.” SOURCE: Zhang Z, et al. (1999). [Effect of fluoride exposure on synaptic structure of brain areas related to learning-memory in mice] [Article in Chinese]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 28(4):210-2. “Sodium fluoride treatment suppressed spontaneous motor activity But no change was observed in the motor coordination of these animals. A suppression of spontaneous motor activity suggests that fluoride has, by a central action, inhibited motivation of these animals to exhibit locomotor behavior.” SOURCE: Paul V, et al. (1998). Effects of sodium fluoride on locomotor behavior and a few biochemical parameters in rats. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 6: 187–191. "In this experiment, the freeze response to auditory stimuli in the pups showed significant delay, indicating that relatively high doses of fluoride can negatively influence the development of auditory nerves. Guan Zhizhong et al[8] report that the offspring of rats exposed to fluoride have retarded cerebral development and exhibit changes in neural cell ultrastructure. The results of the present experiment suggest that the effects of high doses of fluoride on the behavior development of the offspring are visible primarily as slight delays in response times, particularly with regard to motor and coordination function and well as muscle strength. The measurement of the thickness of the cerebral cortex of offspring on day 21 revealed that the 25 mg/L group had a significantly thinner cerebral cortex as compared to the control; this histological analysis indicates that fluoride slows the growth of brain cells." SOURCE: Wu N, et al. (1995). Research on the abnormal behavior of rats exposed to fluoride. Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases 14(5):271. “This study demonstrates a link between certain fluoride exposures and behavioral disruption in the rat. The effect on behavior varied with the timing of exposure during CNS development. Behavioral changes common to weanling and adult exposures were different from those after prenatal exposures... Experience with other developmental neurotoxicants prompts expectations that changes in behavioral function will be comparable across species, especially humans and rats... [A] generic behavioral pattern disruption as found in this rat study can be indicative of a potential for motor dysfunction, IQ deficits and/or learning disabilities in humans.” SOURCE: Mullenix P, et al. (1995). Neurotoxicity of Sodium Fluoride in Rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 17:169-177. " When rats were treated 6 hr a day for 5 mo. with HF concentrations of 3, 1, 0.5, and 0.1 mg/m-3, it caused functional changes in the CNS, as shown by the condition reflex method and the measurement of chronaxy. There was inhibition of the blood alkaline phosphatase activity and pathomorphological changes in the CNS, bone and tooth tissues and internal organs. The extent of the changes depended on the concentration of HF. The maximum allowable concentration of HF for the air at working places presently accepted, 0.5 mg/m-3, is too high." SOURCE: Vishnevskii VL, El Nichnykh LN. (1969). (A toxicological and morphological characterization of the action of different concentrations of inhaled hydrogen fluoride on the body.). Tr Tsentr Nauchno-Issled Proektn-Konstr In. 2: 143-147. "General malaise, asthenia, and apathy developed to a marked degree in the monkeys exposed to the BeF2 (beryllium fluoride) aerosol, and in those under the heaviest BeHPO4 exposure. The monkeys retreated to the furthest corner of their cages and paid no attention to light flashed at them. They remained in this withdrawn and listless condition until death. Monkeys which inhaled the BeSO4 aerosol faired best of all." SOURCE: Schepers GWH. (1964). Biological action of beryllium: Reaction of the monkey to inhaled aerosols. Industrial Medicine and Surgery 33: 1-16. ANIMAL STUDIES - Fluoride's Impact on Brain: (back to top) "Lipids and phospholipids, phosphohydrolases and phospholipase D, and protein content have been shown to be reduced in the brains of laboratory animals subsequent to fluoride exposure. The greatest changes were found in phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphotidylcholine, and phosphotidylserine. Fluorides also inhibit the activity of cholinesterases, including acetylcholinesterase. Recently, the number of receptors for acetylcholine has been found to be reduced in regions of the brain thought to be most important for mental stability and for adequate retrieval of memories. It appears that many of fluoride’s effects, and those of the aluminofluoride complexes are mediated by activation of Gp, a protein of the G family. G proteins mediate the release of many of the best known transmitters of the central nervous system. Not only do fluorides affect transmitter concentrations and functions but also are involved in the regulation of glucagons, prostaglandins, and a number of central nervous system peptides, including vasopressin, endogenous opioids, and other hypothalamic peptides. The AlFx binds to GDP and ADP altering their ability to form the triphosphate molecule essential for providing energies to cells in the brain. Thus, AlFx not only provides false messages throughout the nervous system but, at the same time, diminishes the energy essential to brain function. Fluorides also increase the production of free radicals in the brain through several different biological pathways. These changes have a bearing on the possibility that fluorides act to increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Today, the disruption of aerobic metabolism in the brain, a reduction of effectiveness of acetylcholine as a transmitter, and an increase in free radicals are thought to be causative factors for this disease. More research is needed to clarify fluoride’s biochemical effects on the brain." SOURCE: National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. p. 186. "Studies of rats exposed to NaF or AlF3 have reported distortion in cells in the outer and inner layers of the neocortex. Neuronal deformations were also found in the hippocampus and to a smaller extent in the amygdala and the cerebellum. Aluminum was detected in neurons and glia, as well as in the lining and in the lumen of blood vessels in the brain and kidney. The substantial enhancement of reactive microglia, the presence of stained intracellular neurofilaments, and the presence of IgM observed in rodents are related to signs of dementia in humans. The magnitude of the changes was large and consistent among the studies." SOURCE: National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. p. 187. "In the present study, levels of glutathione and activities of catalase, GSH-PX, and SOD were significantly decreased, whereas lipid peroxide levels were enhanced in the brain of adult rats by treatment with NaF, As2O, or NaF + As2O3, in agreement with earlier reports." SOURCE: Chinoy NJ, et al. (2004). Biochemical effects of sodium fluoride and arsenic trioxide toxicity and their reversal in the brain of mice. Fluoride 37: 80-87. "The histology of the cerebral hemisphere was altered by NaF and/or Arsenic trioxide [As2O3] treatment for 30 days, wherein the effect by As2O3 was greater than by NaF treatment. This result is in agreement with others... The reduced brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity observed in the present study corroborates data of others in rats exposed for three months to arsenic trioxide and in the brain of NaF-treated mice and rats as compared to controls... The DNA and RNA levels in the cerebral hemisphere were significantly lower in NaF and/or As2O3-treated mice in the present study, which could affect brain function. The ingestion of the antidotes vitimans C and E as well as calcium phosphate, either indivdually or in combination, during the 30-day withdrawal period resulted in significant recovery, probably due to the antioxidant-properties of vitamins C and E and modulation of fluoride-induced toxicity in rats by calcium." SOURCE: Shah SD, Chinoy NJ. (2004). Adverse effects of fluoride and/or arsenic on the cerebral hemisphere of mice and recovery by some antidotes. Fluoride 37: 162-171. "Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the brain of the combined high fluoride and low iodine group were significantly higher during and at the end of the 90-day period than in the control group, but the SOD/MDA ratio in this high fluoride and low iodine group was consistently lower than in the control group. These results suggest that [oxidative] stress from high fluoride and low iodine is one of the causes of reduction in learning and memory in offspring rats." SOURCE: Wang J, Ge Y, Ning H, Wang S. (2004). Effects of high fluoride and low iodine on biochemical indexes of the brain and learning-memory of offspring rats. Fluoride 37: 201-208. "Brain protein was decreased by low iodine and even more by the combined interaction of high fluoride and low iodine. The activity of cholinesterase (ChE) in the brain was affected to some extent by high fluoride and low iodine but was especially affected by high fluoride and low iodine together." SOURCE: Wang J, et al. (2004). Effects of high fluoride and low iodine on biochemical indexes of the brain and learning-memory of offspring rats. Fluoride 37: 201-208. “Recently, we have detected the alterations of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in rat brains and PC12 cells affected by fluoride toxicity... [O]xidative stress, including protein oxidation of the receptors and lipid peroxidation in cellular membrane, might be a mechanism of the deficit of the receptors.” SOURCE: Shan KR, Qi XL, Long YG, Wang YN, Nordberg A, Guan ZZ. (2004). Decreased nicotinic receptors in PC12 cells and rat brains influenced by fluoride toxicity—a mechanism relating to a damage at the level in post-transcription of the receptor genes. Toxicology 200: 169–177. “Fluorosis had obvious influence on phospholipid and fatty acid composition in brain cells of rats, and its mechanism might be associated with action of lipid peroxidation, and 0.03 mg/L KI (potassium iodine) is the optimal concentration for the antagonistic action with this influence from fluorosis.” SOURCE: Shen X, Zhang Z, Xu X. (2004). [Influence of combined iodine and fluoride on phospholipid and fatty acid composition in brain cells of rats] Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 33:158-61. “These findings suggest that selective decreases in the number of nAChRs may play an important role in the mechanism(s) by which fluoride causes dysfunction of the central nervous system.” SOURCE: Chen J, Shan KR, Long YG, Wang YN, Nordberg A, Guan ZZ. (2003). Selective decreases of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in PC12 cells exposed to fluoride. Toxicology 183: 235-42. “These neurotoxic changes in the brain suggested that there was a direct action of fluoride upon the nerve tissue which was responsible for central nervous system problems such as tremors, seizures, and paralysis indicating brain dysfunction seen at the two highest doses." SOURCE: Shashi A. (2003). Histopathological investigation of fluoride-induced neurotoxicity in rabbits. Fluoride 36: 95-105. “CONCLUSION: Fluoride may go through the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in rat hippocampus, and inhibit the activity of cholinesterase.” SOURCE: Zhai JX, et al. (2003). [Studies on fluoride concentration and cholinesterase activity in rat hippocampus]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 21:102-4. “Light microscopic study of hippocampal sub-regions demonstrated significant number of degenerated nerve cell bodies in the CA3, CA4 and dentate gyrus(Dg) areas of sodium fluoride administered adult female mice. Ultrastructural studies revealed neurodegenerative characteristics like involution of cell membranes, swelling of mitochondria, clumping of chromatin material etc, can be observed in cell bodies of CA3, CA4 and dentate gyrus (Dg).” SOURCE: Bhatnagar M, et al. (2002). Neurotoxicity of fluoride: neurodegeneration in hippocampus of female mice. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 40: 546-54. “The DNA damage in pallium neurons in rats of the fluoride group was much more serious compared with those of the control group...Sodium fluoride could induce DNA damage and apoptosis in rats brain.” SOURCE: Chen J, Chen X, Yang K, Xia T, Xie H. (2002). [Studies on DNA damage and apoptosis in rat brain induced by fluoride]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 36: 222-224. “In order to investigate the molecular mechanism(s) underlying brain dysfunction caused by chronic fluorosis, neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain of rats receiving either 30 or 100 ppm fluoride in their drinking water for 7 months were analyzed in the present study employing ligand binding and Western blotting... Since nAChRs play major roles in cognitive processes such as learning and memory, the decrease in the number of nAChRs caused by fluoride toxicity may be an important factor in the mechanism of brain dysfunction in the disorder.” SOURCE: Long YG, Wang YN, Chen J, Jiang SF, Nordberg A, Guan ZZ. (2002). Chronic fluoride toxicity decreases the number of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat brain. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 24:751-7. “These results suggest that fluoride enhances oxidative stress in the brain, thereby disturbing the antioxidant defense of rats. Increased oxidative stress could be one of the mediating factors in the pathogenesis of fluoride toxicity in the brain.” SOURCE: Shivarajashankara YM , et al. (2002). Brain lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems of young rats in chronic fluoride intoxication. Fluoride 35: 197-203. “rats exposed to 100 ppm fluoride showed significant neurodegenerative changes in the hippocampus, amygdala, motor cortex, and cerebellum... These histological changes suggest a toxic effect of high-fluoride intake during the early developing stages of life on the growth, differentiation, and subcellular organization of brain cells in rats.” SOURCE: Shivarajashankara YM , et al. (2002). Histological changes in the brain of young fluoride-intoxicated rats. Fluoride 35: 12-21. “The extent of DNA damage in the fluoride + selenium + zinc group was significantly slighter than that in the fluoride group (P < 0.05). It suggested that fluoride and selenium could induce DNA damage in pallium neural cells of rats respectively.” SOURCE: Chen J, Chen X, Yang K. (2000). [Effects of selenium and zinc on the DNA damage caused by fluoride in pallium neural cells of rats]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 29: 216-7. “This study therefore shows that both brain and muscle are affected by fluoride with inhibition of some enzymes associated with free-radical metabolism, energy production and transfer, membrane transport, and synaptic transmission, but with an enhanced activity of XOD.” SOURCE: Lakshmi Vani M, Pratap Reddy K. (2000). Effects of fluoride accumulation on some enzymes of brain and gastrocnemius muscle of mice. Fluoride 33: 17-26. “There is a tendency for neurone apoptosis in chronic fluorosis in rats. It is most evident with changes in pathology. It is not likely that only one form of neurone damage exist in the process of chronic fluorosis. There are recessive changes and apoptosis in the process at the same time.” SOURCE: Lu XH, et al. (2000). Study of the mechanism of neurone apoptosis in rats from the chronic fluorosis. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 19: 96-98. “Over uptake of fluoride for a long term could cause potential increase in the level of oxidative stress in the brain tissue.” SOURCE: Shao Q, Wang Y, Guan Z. (2000). [Influence of free radical inducer on the level of oxidative stress in brain of rats with fluorosis]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 34:330-2. \“It was concluded that aluminium interferes with the metabolism of the neuronal cytoskeleton and that this interference is potentiated by fluoride.” SOURCE: van der Voet GB, et al. (1999). Fluoride enhances the effect of aluminium chloride on interconnections between aggregates of hippocampal neurons. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry 107:15-21. "[T]he thickness of post-synaptic density (PSD) was decreased, and the width of synaptic cleft was remarkably increased. The results suggested that the impairment on the learning capability induced by fluorosis may be closely related with the pathological changes of synaptic structure in the brain of mice.” SOURCE: Zhang Z, et al. (1999). [Effect of fluoride exposure on synaptic structure of brain areas related to learning-memory in mice] [Article in Chinese]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 28:210-2. “The results demonstrate that the contents of phospholipid and ubiquinone are modified in brains affected by chronic fluorosis and these changes of membrane lipids could be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease.” SOURCE: Guan ZZ, Wang YN, Xiao KQ, Dai DY, Chen YH, Liu JL, Sindelar P, Dallner G. (1998). Influence of chronic fluorosis on membrane lipids in rat brain. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 20: 537-542. “While the small amount of AlF in the drinking water of rats required for neurotoxic effects is surprising, perhaps even more surprising are the neurotoxic results of NaF at the dose given in the present study [1.0 ppm F]... The results of the present study indicate that more intensive neuropathological evaluations of F effects on brain may prove to be of value... In summary, chronic administration of AlF and NaF in the drinking water of rats resulted in distinct morphological alterations in the brain, including effects on neurons and cerebrovasculature.” SOURCE: Varner JA, et al. (1998). Chronic administration of aluminum-fluoride and sodium-fluoride to rats in drinking water: Alterations in neuronal and cerebrovascular integrity. Brain Research 784: 284-298. “These results indicate that fluoride may penetrate the blood brain barrier, interact with AChE located on cell membranes, and interfere with their physiological functions and thus induce the neurotoxicities.” SOURCE: Zhao XL, Wu JH. (1998). Actions of sodium fluoride on acetylcholinesterase activities in rats. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 11(1):1-6. “The metabolism of brain phospholipid might be interfered by fluoride accumulated in brain tissue, which is related with the degeneration of neuron. The changes of brain phospholipid could be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic fluorosis.” SOURCE: Guan Z, Wang Y, Xiao K. (1997). [Influence of experimental fluorosis on phospholipid content and fatty acid composition in rat brain]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 77: 592-6. “Neuronal abnormalities were observed in the NaF treated animals- especially in the deeper cell layers... The NaF treatment also produced distortions of cells and, in some rats, cell losses could be demonstrated in particular brain regions. Both AlF3 and NaF induced vascular inclusions, although of a different character...” SOURCE: Issacson R, et al. (1997). Toxin-induced blood vessel inclusions caused by the chronic administration of aluminum and sodium fluoride and their implications for dementia. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 825: 152-166. “Coenzyme Q content of brain tissue in rats fed with fluorine-containing water decreased at early stage of fluorosis, but increased significantly at late stage. It is speculated that changes in content of coenzyme Q could correlate with changes in free radical levels induced by fluorine.” SOURCE: Wang Y, Guan Z, Xiao K. (1997). [Changes of coenzyme Q content in brain tissues of rats with fluorosis]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 31: 330-3. “Excessive fluoride intake decreased 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid and increased norepinephrine in rat brain.” SOURCE: Li Y, et al. (1994). [Effect of excessive fluoride intake on mental work capacity of children and a preliminary study of its mechanism] Hua Hsi I Ko Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao. 25(2):188-91. “The results reported here indicate that fluoride has a specific effect on the synthesis of proteins in the brain which may lead to degenerative changes in the form of ballooning degeneration of neurons, various degrees of loss of nisal substance, and changes in the purkinje cells of the cerebellar cortex. Such changes would provide a plausible explanation for some of the diverse neruological complaints in arms and legs such as numbness, muscle spasms and pains, tenaniform convulsions, and spastic paraplegia, encountered in patients with skeletal fluorosis." SOURCE: Shashi A, et al. (1994). Effect of long-term administration of fluoride on levels of protein, free amino acids and RNA in rabbit brain. Fluoride 27: 155-159. “The neurotoxic effect of fluoride on lipid content of brain was assessed in rabbits during experimental fluorosis... Fluoride exerts an inhibitory effect on the free fatty acids in brain of both sexes. The relevance of these results in experimental fluorosis is discussed.” SOURCE: Shashi A. (1992). Studies on alterations in brain lipid metabolism following experimental fluorosis. Fluoride 25:77-84.

FLUORIDE– THE NEW LEAD Posted on May 1, 2011 By Dr Stuart Jeanne Bramhall It took decades to “prove” that even low-level lead exposure caused mental retardation and behavioral problems in children. In 1973 when I graduated from medical school, there was a mountain of compelling evidence of the terrible things lead in paint and auto exhaust was doing to kids. However under pressure from corporate interests (the companies who put lead in gasoline and paint), the medical establishment still officially proclaimed that at “subclinical levels,” lead was totally safe. Fortunately Nixon’s newly created Environmental Protection Agency stood up to the corporate elite in 1973. Taking the emphatic position that even low-level lead exposure was posing a direct threat to public health, they ultimately forced the US auto industry (in 1975) to install catalytic converters in cars, to enable them to run on unleaded fuel. The use of lead-based paint in homes was banned in 1978. A Regulatory Agency that Refuses to Regulate Unfortunately, despite overwhelming evidence that fluoride has the same effect as lead in lab animals and children, in 2010 the EPA has virtually ceased to perform any meaningful regulatory function. Which is most unfortunate, given that many US municipalities still put fluoride in the public drinking water (which can’t be removed by simple filtration and is found in many brands of bottled water). It boggles the mind that communities across the US continue to mass medicate their residents without their consent -” with a substance that has never been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (it’s actually unpurified toxic waste from the agricultural phosphate industry and contains heavy metals and radionucleotides). Not only does this constitute a major civil rights infringement, but it poses far more danger to human health than the TSA full body scanners at airports. Established Link to Hip Fractures, Bone Cancer and Liver Cancer Full document: http://wholefoodusa.wordpress.com/2011/05/01/fluoride-the-new-lead/

Fluoride Toxicity http://www.health-science.com/fluoride_toxicity.htm The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that public water supplies be fluoridated when natural fluoride levels are significantly below 0.7 mg per liter. The accepted concentration of fluoride in drinking water is 1 ppm. Concentrations over 2 ppm begin to be a health risk. Aluminum fluoride and Alzheimer's Disease Many municipal water supplies are treated with both alum (aluminum sulfate) and fluoride. These two chemicals combine with each other easily in the blood to form aluminum fluoride. Although elemental aluminum can not pass the blood-brain barrier, some compounds such as aluminum fluoride do. Aluminum fluoride is very poorly excreted in the urine. It is poisonous to the kidneys. Aluminum salts in the brain lead to Alzheimer's Disease. Absorption and concentration in tissues In the body, fluorine is readily absorbed. Fluorine concentrates in the same tissues where calcium is found in the largest amounts; especially the bones and teeth. In teeth, fluorine combines with the inorganic compound apatite to form a harder, less water-soluble fluoride salt called fluoroapatite. A pregnant mother's fluorine intake affects the amount of fluorine found in the primary teeth that develop in her fetus. Weakened structural system Fluorine intake of 20-40 mg/day can inhibit the important enzyme phosphatase. Phosphatase is needed for calcium utilization. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the World Health Organization have published information that fluoride inhibits enzymes at levels of 1 ppm or less. The target level of fluoride in drinking water is 1 ppm. Thickens but weakens bones In the early 1980's it was discovered that fluorine will stimulate new bone growth. "Therapeutic" doses (30-60 mg/day for 3 years) were given to elderly subjects with osteoporosis. It reduced the incidence of fractures if adequate amounts of calcium were also supplied. Frequent side effects included frequent gastric irritation and nausea. Sometime, the patient developed painful bone deformations. [JAMA 243:466, 1980] Another research study reported that fluoride has a direct effect on bone cells by increasing proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity. Fluoride not only increases the proliferation rate of bone cells, but also enhances the growth and mineralization of embrionic bone. [Farley JR, Wergedal JE, and Baylink DJ, Fluoride directly stimulates proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of bone-forming cells, Science 222:330-332, 1983] This was good news until they started discovering the dark side of the therapy. The bones may get thicker but they become more brittle or developed bone spurs. European doctors still often prescribe fluoride to women with thin bones. High fluorine areas have a lower incidence of osteoporosis. By increasing fluorine intake, some elderly nursing home patients show a reduced excretion of calcium, improved bone density and alleviation of osteoporosis symptoms. One source speculates that hardening of the inner bone structure of the ear may prevent some hearing loss in the elderly. Although fluorine may thicken bones, the bones are not any stronger. The new bone is weaker. [New England Journal of Medicine, 32, #12, (1990):802-09] In four separate studies, increased hip fracture rates is linked to fluoride in the water. The latest study calculated an 86% increased risk for people over 65 who have been drinking fluorinated water. [JAMA, 1990-1995] Mayo Clinic researchers reported that fluoride treatment of osteoporosis increased bone fracture rate and bone fragility. [New England Journal of Medicine, March 22, 1990] Genetic damage and cancer Some researchers believe that fluorine is a carcinogen. Others protest that the results are not yet conclusive. The Argonne National Laboratory reported in 1988 "The ability of fluoride to transform normal cells into cancer cells." Dr. Takeki Tsutsui and co-workers of the Nippon Dental College in Japan showed that fluoride not only caused genetic damage but was also capable of transforming normal cells into cancer cells. In one report, the US Government investigated 156 cancer deaths over 3 years. They concluded that fluoride accumulates in body tissues and may eventually cause cancer and/or other fatal illnesses. The research of Dr Dean Burk, former Chief Chemist of the National Cancer Institute showed that 10,000 or more fluoridation-linked cancer deaths occur yearly in the United States. Since 1990, the National Cancer Institute, the New Jersey Department of Health, and the Safe Water Foundation all found that the incidence of osteosarcoma (a type of bone cancer) was substantially higher in young men exposed to fluoridated water as compared to those who were not. A study by Procter and Gamble showed that as little as half the amount of fluoride used to fluoridate public water supplies resulted in a sizable and significant increase in genetic damage. "In cultured human and rodent cells, the weight of evidence leads to the conclusion that fluoride exposure results in increased chromosome aberrations [genetic damage]". [National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 1993] Immune system and aging Dr. John Yiamouyiannis estimates that 30,000 - 50,000 people die from flouride poisoning each year. In his book, Fluoride: The Aging Factor, he lists studies describing fluoride's negative effects on the immune system. Many studies have found that people living in fluoridated areas had a decreased migration rate of white blood cells. Other studies describe genetic and chromosomal damage to animals drinking fluoridated water. He warns "Before any disease is even noticeable, the acceleration of the aging process by fluoride is already occurring at the biochemical level, by means of enzyme inhibition, collagen breakdown, genetic damage and/or disruption of the immune system." Other effects on tissues People who live in high fluorine areas have a lower rate of calcified aortas than individuals short on fluorine. Excretion Flourine is excreted in the urine and sweat.The body can clear up to 3 mg/day of fluorine in this way. Toxicity Flouridated tooth products should not be swallowed and should not be used by children under the age of 6. A dentist may recommend a carefully-supervised program for younger children. Fluorine intake of 20-40 mg/day can inhibit the important enzyme phosphatase. Phosphatase is needed for calcium utilization/metabolism in tissues including the bones and teeth. You can increase your risk of mottling (permanently discolored teeth during tooth development), brittle tooth enamel and bones as well as brain damage. Fluorine intake of 40-70 mg/day can cause heartburn and pains in the extremities. Just as flouride will displace calcium in the body, calcium therapies are used to treat flouride toxicity.

FLUORIDE, THE SILENT KILLER by: Yiamouyiannis, John, Ph.D. http://www.consumerhealth.org/articles/display.cfm?ID=19990303222823 Dr. Yiamouyiannis received his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Rhode Island and served his post-doctoral fellowship at the Western Reserve University School of Medicine. He then became editor at Chemical Abstracts Service, the world's largest chemical information center, where he first became aware of the health damaging effects of fluoride. He is the former science director of the National Health Federation; he is the executive director of Health Action and president of the Safe Water Foundation. He is a world-leading authority on the biological effects of fluoride and is responsible for ending the use of fluoride in many areas of the United States and abroad. HARMFUL EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE Fluoride is used as an insecticide and a roach killer. Even at the level they use to fluoridate your public water supply, usually at the rate of about 1 part fluoride for every million parts of water (1 ppm) by weight, it causes severe problems. As little as one-tenth of an ounce of fluoride will cause death. It is more poisonous than lead and just slightly less poisonous than arsenic. No one will die from drinking one glass of fluoridated water, but it is the long term chronic effects of drinking fluoridated water that affects health. Dental fluorosis is one of the earlier signs of fluoride poisoning, appearing in mild cases as a chalky area on the tooth, and in more advanced cases, teeth become yellow brown or black and the tips break off. Fluoride in the drinking water leads to fluoride levels in tissues and organs which damage enzymes. This results in a wide range of chronic diseases. Fluoride weakens the immune system and may cause allergic type reactions including dermatitis, eczema and hives. It causes birth defects and genetic damage. Fluoride is likely to aggravate kidney disease, diabetes and hypothyroidism. The amount consumed in drinking water has been shown to lower thyroid activity in humans. It also causes the breakdown of collagen which results in wrinkling of the skin and the weakening of ligaments, tendons and muscles. There are a number of ways that fluoride can be administered. The most insidious way is through the drinking water. Some of you have it in your mouthwashes, or in your toothpaste, or you may take a fluoride supplement which is dispensed in pills or drops. FLUORIDE A BY-PRODUCT OF INDUSTRY Fluoride is an industrial waste product, a by-product of the aluminum industry and the phosphate fertilizer companies who have mountains of fluoride that is polluting the ground water. They have to get rid of it, and the old solution to pollution is dilution - just put it in the drinking water. People living in the vicinity of aluminum, phosphate, steel, clay, glass and enamel plants are exposed to high levels of fluoride in the air. For instance, the Hamilton area shows extremely high lung cancer rates that decrease as you get away from the downwind plume of the steel mills. If fluoride was left with the phosphate and sold to farmers, it would kill their crops. That is what originally happened when they used this high fluoride phosphate, and the farmers said they were going back to manure. FLUORIDATED TOOTHPASTE Unless it says on the package does not contain fluoride, you are using fluoridated toothpaste. Fluoridated toothpaste contains 1,000 ppm fluoride. There is enough fluoride at 1,000 to 1,500 parts per million to kill a small child if they consume the entire tube. If a child consumes just part of it, it could result in either acute or chronic toxicity. A four to six year-old child will swallow 25 to 33% of the toothpaste they put on their toothbrush. Don't let them put it in their mouth unless when they swallow it, it is good for them. People ask me where they can get non-fluoridated toothpaste. They have many brands of non-fluoridated toothpaste in health food stores, so pick up your toothpaste there, and make sure it doesn't have fluoride, because some health food stores have a couple of brands of fluoride toothpaste. Not everything in a health food store is safe. Always read the labels. Pepsodent toothpaste also doesn't have fluoride. If you want something inexpensive, use baking soda and sea salt, but make sure you dissolve the salt crystals in water before you brush your teeth; otherwise the salt crystals will score the enamel. GUM DAMAGE Fluoride actually causes gum damage at the concentrations used in fluoridated toothpaste at 1,000 ppm. Fluoride poisons enzyme activity and slows down the ability of the gums to repair themselves. If you brush your teeth with fluoridated toothpaste, you will suffer gum damage. FLUORIDE GELS AND SOLUTIONS Some schools have weekly fluoride mouth-rinse programs in which the children swish fluoride solutions around in their mouths. The fluoride comes in a sugar size packet, and on the outside of the packet it says fatal if swallowed. If your child is in any of these programs at school, get them out of it. We have testimonials one after the other of children who come home with a stomach ache because they had actually accidentally swallowed part of it, and children do accidentally swallow. Fluoride treatments at the dentist's office are equally hazardous. In the typical fluoride treatment, 10,000 parts per million fluoride, which comes in a flavoured gel to make it taste good, is left on the teeth for about five minutes. Then the child spits it out, though invariable he swallows some. The child cannot rinse, eat or drink for at least half an hour afterward. Children have died after swallowing fluoride topically applied on their teeth. In one well publicized case, the dental hygienist neglected to tell the child to wash his mouth out and spit out the solution. The child began vomiting and sweating and died the same day. Over 6% of children receiving fluoride treatments at the dental office suffer gastrointestinal distress such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain either immediately or within one hour after treatment. According to scientists at the U.S. Public Health Service, topical fluoride is practically ineffective in reducing tooth decay, and damages gum tissue. According to the American Association for the Advancement of Science, "the high concentrations of some products (gels, mouthwash, tablets, toothpaste, etc.) may be neither biologically desirable nor clinically necessary". FLUORIDE SUPPLEMENTS Tablets and drops are another means of administering fluoride. The Canadian Dental Association has admitted in the last couple of years that children under the age of three should not be given fluoride supplements. And yet dental practitioners and pediatricians who haven't kept up to date are still giving fluoride supplements to young children. I advise against fluoride supplements for anyone. ADDITION OF FLUORIDE TO PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS The addition of fluoride to the public water supply is the most insidious way of chronically poisoning hundreds of millions of people around the world. Dr. Dean Burk was former chief chemist of the National Cancer Institute, and has co-authored studies with many Nobel prize winners including Otto Warburton, and he is the co-author of the most cited paper in the entire field of biochemistry - the Lineweaver-Burk Enzyme Kinetics. In the 1970s, Dean Burk and I conducted a number of studies which linked fluoride and cancer. There was already scientific evidence from the 1950s that fluoride was causing cancer, and a 1963 study by Driscowitz and Norton showed that increased fluoride concentrations in the media of experimental animals increased tumour incidence from 12% at the lowest concentrations up to 100%. Taylor and Taylor published a study in 1965 at the University of Texas in all the mainline medical journals showing that 1 ppm or even 0.5 ppm increased tumour growth rate by 25%. These studies bothered me and around 1975 I found that we had enough data to compare the cancer death rate before and after fluoridation of fluoridated communities and compare them to non-fluoridated communities. Based on millions of subjects, the study showed a 5 to 10% increase in cancer death rate within three to five years after fluoridation was put into the water after correcting for various demographic factors like age, race and sex. All the variables were controlled. We followed this by a series of other studies. In 1977 we had full blown Congressional Hearings, and Congress stated: "We can no longer assure the American public that fluoride does not cause cancer". Dean Burk and other well-known scientists were there, and on the opposing side was the American Dental Association. Ten years later, Proctor and Gamble, makers of Crest toothpaste found that fluoride was causing precarcinogenic changes in cells. HOW FLUORIDE AFFECTS THE DNA REPAIR MECHANISM Epidemiological evidence shows that fluoride causes cancer. It does this in several ways. It can actually cause the original lesion. In each one of our cells we have genetic material called DNA, and this DNA is double stranded, it has a helix shape and these two strands of DNA are held together by semi strong bonds called hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds also hold proteins together. Fluoride goes in and breaks those hydrogen bonds, and consequently destabilizes DNA. It can't cause a lesion in the DNA itself, but if it is in a site of the cell that regulates cell growth, it will cause uncontrolled cell growth. A few minor modifications will give you first a tumour, and secondly an invasive tumour or cancer. So fluoride has the ability to actually cause the cancer. We have a marvelous system of repair and rejuvenation. Even if we go out in the sun, even if we have a lesion by fluoride itself, we have what is called a DNA repair enzyme system. So any lesion caused by the sun or ultra-violet light will be repaired. The DNA repair enzyme system will cut off the ends and use the complementary strand to repair itself and make intact genetic material. The unfortunate thing is that one part per million fluoride, the amount of fluoride that they use in the public water system, depresses the DNA repair system by 50%. So they have attacked us on the first defense of damage to our genetic material. Since people can get cancer from so many different causes, fluoride is just increasing our chances of getting cancer. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Even if the cancer cell starts dividing and invading surrounding tissues, if our immune system is strong enough, it will kill those cancer cells without any remedies, without chemotherapy, without anything and will destroy the occasional cancer that maybe all of us have had at one time or another. Once in a while cancer breaks through when the immune system is low or the DNA repair enzyme system is down, and we will get cancer. Fluoride causes the lesion; it inhibits the DNA repair enzyme, and then inhibits our immune system by 30 to 70%. And that occurs at only one part per million. How does it do that? Our immune system is composed of white blood cells including phagocyte cells that are carried in the blood system. If there is an infection or cancer or some foreign agent, these phagocytes will go to that area and start engulfing and destroying this bad agent whether it is a cancer cell or a bacterium or virus. It engulfs it in a little pocket called a lysosome which squirts enzymes and breaks down the bad agent into little pieces. They have other things called peroxisomes which burn that agent with free radicals and either destroy it or use it for building new and healthy cells. These phagocytes will actually eat up bacteria or viruses, and toxic substances are just thrown off. Studies from the University of Glasgow show that fluoride inhibits these white blood cells. Fluoride at levels below one part per million causes a chronic release of these free radicals from the white blood cell out into the blood stream where it starts slowly damaging your body by increasing free radicals. This is one of the reasons why we call fluoride the ageing factor. NON-FLUORIDATED WATER Industrial quality reverse osmosis water brings the total dissolved solids down to less that one part per million for all the pollutants that might be in there. Distilled water will remove 99% of the fluoride all of the time. I also recommend a pre-charcoal filter on a distiller to remove volatiles so that you are not getting noxious gases in your home. These are worse when you inhale them than when you drink them, because they go right into your blood stream and into your lungs. You can buy your water at the supermarket, but quite frankly you don't know what the quality of the water is. You must take care that the fluoride concentration is less than 0.2 ppm. Some spring waters like Vichy (which contains 8 ppm) are notoriously high in fluoride. Avoid beverages such as soft drinks, beer and fruit juices from concentrate that have been bottled in fluoridated areas. Teas, even brewed in fluoride-free water will contain about 1.2 to 2.4 ppm fluoride. Some people drink 8 to 15 cups of tea a day, and these amounts are large enough to cause dental fluorosis and other harmful effects. MINERALS IN WATER If you want to get minerals, you must get them in the proper balanced ratio. Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and other minerals must be in a ratio that is acceptable to a living organism. Get your minerals from healthy living organisms like vegetables, grains, nuts and seeds, and if you are not a vegetarian, like meats, bones or bonemeal. Beet greens are at the top of the list as a mineral supplement. I don't recommend milk or dairy as a calcium source; cow's milk has a very different constitution than human milk. DETOXIFICATION If you stop taking fluoride, your body will get rid of it eventually. The fluoride that gets stuck in your bones gets stuck there for life pretty much, but that is not necessarily bad. Where fluoride has adverse effects is in the soft tissues. If you take over 200 mg of vitamin C per day that is all you really need for removing fluoride. In three to six months you should have about 99% of it out which is good enough. GOOD DIET, NOT FLUORIDE, IS NECESSARY FOR HEALTHY TEETH Many primitive societies whose drinking water contains negligible amounts of fluoride go through life without tooth decay because they eat very little sugar and other refined carbohydrates. DOES FLUORIDE REDUCE TOOTH DECAY? Numerous attempts have been made to show that the amount of fluoride used to fluoridate public water systems reduces tooth decay under laboratory conditions. Still no laboratory study has ever shown that this amount of fluoride is effective in reducing tooth decay. Further, there are no epidemiological studies on humans showing that fluoridation reduces tooth decay that meet the minimum requirements of scientific objectivity such as the double blind design. * * * You may contact Dr. Yiamouyiannis at 614-548-5340. His book Fluoride: The Aging Factor contains references to studies and information cited in this article. His other book, High Performance Health is also available.

Respected Medical Professionals and Scientists are warning of long-term health consequences http://www.nofluoride.com/ "I would advise against fluoridation.. Side-effects cannot be excluded .. In Sweden, the emphasis nowadays is to keep the environment as clean as possible with regard to pharmacologically active and, thus, potentially toxic substances." - Dr. Arvid Carlsson, co-winner of the Nobel Prize for Medicine (2000) "The American Medical Association is NOT prepared to state that no harm will be done to any person by water fluoridation. The AMA has not carried out any research work, either long-term or short-term, regarding the possibility of any side effects." - Dr. Flanagan, Assistant Director of Environmental Health, American Medical Association. [letter] "I am appalled at the prospect of using water as a vehicle for drugs. Fluoride is a corrosive poison that will produce serious effects on a long range basis. Any attempt to use water this way is deplorable." - Dr. Charles Gordon Heyd, Past President of the American Medical Association. "E.P.A. should act immediately to protect the public, not just on the cancer data, but on the evidence of bone fractures, arthritis, mutagenicity and other effects." - Dr. William Marcus, Senior Toxicologist at E.P.A. "Water contains a number of substances that are undesirable, and fluorides are just one of them" stated Dr. F. A. Bull, State Dental Director of Wisconsin, speaking at the Fourth Annual Conference of State Dental Directors. These are strong, deliberate statements. They are made by the top medical authorities in our nation based on the latest medical research

Is Your Drinking Water Safe? Fluoride Turns Drinking Water Toxic! http://www.mercola.com/Downloads/bonus/truth-about-water-fluoridation/default.aspx?s_kwcid=TC|15735|effects%20of%20fluoride||S|b|9483700624&gclid=CPSxirCJ_q0CFYZrKgodczBWuQ Did you know that fluoride, known by many as the substance which helps protect teeth from tooth decay, was one of the toxic chemicals evaluated for use in the production of the atomic bomb during World War II? Fluoride is so dangerous that a family-sized tube of fluoridated toothpaste contains enough fluoride to kill a 25-pound child! The Nazi regime also allegedly planned to use fluoride to control a population in any given area by fluoridating drinking water to alter the inhabitants’ physical and mental state. If this is the case, why is more than 60 percent of the United States’ drinking fluoridated water? Fluoride – A Grand Tale of Deceit Water is supposed to be life-giving and refreshing but fluoridation has turned it into a toxic beverage! Fluoride is one of the toxic chemicals still at large in America. We have already stopped asbestos from lining our pipes, lowered the lead content of gasoline, and banned PCBs and DDT for over 50 years, water fluoridation has been recognized as a “safe” practice. This Free Report will expose one of the greatest health deceptions in history, explaining: • How scientists and groups with ulterior motives and vested interests whitewashed fluoride’s image, turning a toxin into a “nutrient” • How fluoride destroys your health by damaging your brain, immune and gastrointestinal system and bone and skeletal structures through fluorosis and other diseases, and • Why drinking water does not need to be fluoridated Find out why water fluoridation should be stopped as soon as possible by downloading the FREE report Toxic Waters – The Truth About Water Fluoridation. Still believe that fluoride is harmless? Most of Western Europe has already banned water fluoridation after recognizing its dangers. Water fluoridation is absurd and unethical because it is exposing more than half of the American population to toxic drinking waters. Numerous groups, doctors and scientists, including a Nobel Prize winner, have been opposing water fluoridation for years but their arguments have fallen on deaf ears.

An older most interesting document in some history of ‘fluoridation’ Institutions Subject to Government Extortion on the Issue of Fluorides W.B. Hartsfield, mayor of Atlanta, Georgia, stated in Dental Survey in 1961 that "no school, college or independent medical research institution dares to be critical of fluoridation because they receive grants from the U.S. Public Health Service. Likewise, no big food, beverage or drug company will dare speak critically of fluoride because they are under the supervision of the FDA, a branch of the USPHS. That the Food and Drug Administration is a suppressive organization is a matter of record. Massive Corruption, Collusion and Conflict of Interest The same individuals promoting the addition of fluorides to the water supplies also serve on the FDA Dental Products Advisory Board. Fluoridation equipment makers, fluoride suppliers, and federal and state health department staff serve on the American Water Works Association's "Fluoride Standards Board." The American Dental Association, who receives public funds, also receives hundreds of thousands of dollars from Proctor and Gamble, Lever Brothers, Colgate, Warner Lambert, Johnson & Johnson, and others in the fluoride business. After the American Dental Association endorsed "Crest" toothpaste in October 1960, it became known that the officials responsible for the endorsement of Crest toothpaste had personally profited financially from the immediate rise of $8 per share in Proctor and Gamble Stocks. Tucson Study Finds Fluoride Promotes Tooth Decay – 1992 Please read all information: http://afgen.com/fluoridation.html

Tucson Study Finds Fluoride Promotes Tooth Decay - 1992 Those promoting the concept of water fluoridation maintain that the presence of fluoride in the human diet, whether in public water supplies, food, beverages or from other sources, assists in the prevention of dental caries (cavities). After conducting two years of research on the subject, contacting numerous organizations and pouring through mountains of scientific reports and documents, I could find no credible data supporting this conclusion. In fact, I found exactly the opposite was the case. It explains why the American Dental Association and the National Institute for Dental Research have always supported fluoridation of the population. Aside from the issues of cancer, mutagenicity, osteoporosis and behavior control, one of the results of fluoridation is that it actually creates more cavities in order to support the dental profession. Where's the proof? According to Cornelius Steelink, professor emeritus at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Arizona, who was intimately involved in the debate to fluoridate the water of Tucson, when the incidence of tooth decay versus fluoride content in a child's drinking water was examined in Tucson, a city with discreate geographic areas of groundwater with both high fluoride content (0.8ppm) and low content (0.3ppm), a positive correlation was revealed. Dental screening was conducted of 26,000 elementary school children. When the incidence of tooth decay was plotted against the fluoride content of the water, it was discovered that the more fluoride a child drank, the more cavities appeared in the teeth. Source: http://afgen.com/fluoridation.html

Dr. Hardy Limeback, biochemist and Professor of Dentistry, University of Toronto, former consultant to the Canadian Dental Association. "Children under three should never use fluoridated toothpaste. Or drink fluoridated water. And baby formula must never be made up using Toronto tap water. Never. In fluoridated areas, people should never use fluoride supplements. We tried to get them banned for children but (the dentists) wouldn't even look at the evidence we presented" (See news.htm for full text). ________________________________________ Professor A.K. Susheela (author of over 100 published scientific papers) "What is the matter with your scientists that they allow your government to be so stupid?", October 4, 1998, commenting on the UK government's support for fluoridation. ________________________________________ Dr. Robert Carton, Ph.D, former Environmental Protection Agency Scientist (20 years), Food & Water Journal, Summer 1998 "The level of fluoride the government allows the public is based on scientifically fraudulent information and altered reports. People can be harmed simply by drinking water." Dr. William Marcus, Ph.D, Environmental Protection Agency Scientist, Food & Water Journal, Summer 1998 "Fluoride is a carcinogen by any standard we use. i believe EPA should act immediately to protect the public, not just on the cancer data, but on the evidence of bone fractures, arthritis, mutagenicity, and other effects." ________________________________________ Journal of the American Medical Association, Sept 18, 1943, Editorial. "Fluorides are general protoplasmic poisons, probably because of their capacity to modify the metabolism of cells by changing the permeability of the cell membrane and by inhibiting certain enzyme systems. The exact mechanism of such actions is obscure. The sources of fluorine intoxication are drinking water containing 1 part per million or more of fluorine, fluoride compounds used as insecticidal spays for fruits and vegetables (cryolite and barium fluosilicate) and the mining and conversion of phosphate rock to superphosphate, which is used as fertilizer." ________________________________________ Journal American Dental Association, October 1944, Editorial We do know that the use of drinking water containing as little as 1.2 - 3.0 parts per million of fluorine will cause such developmental disturbances in bones as osteosclerosis, spondylosis and osteopetrosis, as well as goiter, and we cannot afford to run the risk of producing such serious systemic disturbances in applying what is at present a doubtful procedure intended to prevent development of dental disfigurements.... ________________________________________ Dr. P. Mullenix, Ph.D., research scientist, 1997 letter to Calgary Councillors. "As a toxicologist involved in fluoride research for over ten years, I was stunned by the Calgary Regional Health Authority's glib comments proclaiming water fluoridation safe. The 'fifty years' of studies about fluoride safety, do not exist. The "ongoing intensive research on fluorides and fluoridation', does not exist, certainly none investigating safety.” ________________________________________ Dr. A. Schatz, Ph.D., co-discoverer, at age 23, of the first effective treatment against tuberculosis — streptomycin — 1997 letter to Calgary Councillors "Many individuals with impeccable credentials in science, dentistry, and medicine have published incontrovertible evidence that fluoridation is harmful and does not reduce the incidence of dental caries". ________________________________________

188 Guest editorial Fluoride 44(4)188–190 October-December 2011 Dispensing with fluoride 188 Saul DISPENSING WITH FLUORIDE SUMMARY: From personal experience and from results of recent better-quality dental research studies, water fluoridation and even topical application of fluoride have not been found to produce significant prevention of tooth decay. Moreover, present levels of fluoride ingestion incur measurable toxic effects, especially among young children. Editor's Note: Support for these guest editorial views and conclusions is found in a recent review in Critical Public Health (2011:1-19) titled “Slaying sacred cows: is it time to pull the plug on water fluoridation?” by Stephen Peckham of the Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. In his article, Peckham concludes that evidence for the effectiveness and safety of water fluoridation is seriously defective and not in agreement with findings of a growing body of current and previously overlooked research. (For an abstract of this report, see p. 260–261 in this issue of Fluoride.) Andrew W. Saul is author or coauthor of ten books, over one hundred editorials and reviews, and is on the editorial board of the Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine. He is Editor of the Orthomolecular Medicine News Service, and his website is www.doctoryourself.com . Copyright © 2011 The International Society for Fluoride Research Inc. www.fluorideresearch.org www.fluorideresearch.com www.fluorideresearch.net Editorial Office: 727 Brighton Road, Ocean View, Dunedin 9035, New Zealand.

FLUORIDE-by Mary Sparrowdancer 14th Dec. 2003 It was due to my growing concerns about our country's growing health problems as well as the erosion of our civil liberties that, in November of 2002, I published a paper focusing upon both of these issues and spoke about them on several radio programs. The paper quietly made its way through Washington, D.C., and then around the world. The paper detailed the "revolving door" in Washington, D.C., an apparent turnstile between private industries and the United States government. Through this invisible door, industry managers pass directly into the very agencies that govern industry - the government's food, drug, agricultural and chemical regulatory departments - in order to influence regulations or speed the approval of their company's products. The paper, "Let Them Eat Anything," showed this unholy alliance, the conflict of interest that has contributed to a mounting epidemic of health problems in the United States……. Predictably, and in keeping with research that reveals fluoride causes gum disease, the two states with the worst edentulous problems in the country - Kentucky and West Virginia - were 96% and 87% "optimally fluoridated" in 2000. In fact, Kentucky, which was mentioned earlier above as also having twice the rate of cavities in toddlers as the national average, was actually 100% fluoridated in 1992. Among the other top five states of now-toothless-Americans, Maine was 75% fluoridated, Arkansas was about 60% fluoridated and over 53% of Louisiana's residents were being "optimally fluoridated" via hazmat waste in their drinking water. (68)…. Once again, the list of areas being "optimally fluoridated" or "fluoride deficient" pertains only to fluoridation of drinking water. There is no mention of the other sources of fluoride pollution in America. Among the other sources are ongoing fluoride contamination of the air and environment by Superfund sites, fluoride contamination in animal feeds, pesticides, cigarette smoke, coal combustion, in fertilizers being incorporated into soils, the fluoride that is contained in plastics and in nonstick cookware, the fluoride contamination of human foods as well as canned/bottled juices, soft drinks and other beverages, and the fluoride that is added to an overwhelming number of pharmaceutical products, including antibiotics, steroids, molecular imaging tracking agents, anesthetics, vitamins and antidepressants. Full document: http://www.rense.com/general45/bll.htm

THIS STUFF IS SO DANGEROUSLY CORROSIVE & CUMULATIVE & they use the populations kidneys as toxic waste filtration/disposal units. Wouldn't you think people reading this would say ' huh? ' particularly part IN CAPITAL section but at least ABC did the story, most Australia wide mainstream media don't/won't. (also used is FLUOROSILICIC ACID) BOURKE SHIRE ACCUSED OF ILLEGALLY DUMPING FLUORIDE By Robyn Herron Posted January 23, 2012 The Bourke Shire Council has been accused of illegally dumping chemicals at its waste depot plant. The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) has charged the council with unlawfully transporting & disposing the chemical in October 2010. The council says the fluoride was in its original packaging and shrink wrapped in plastic when it was buried four metres deep at the landfill. The Bourke Shire's general manager, Geoff Wise, says the council had more of the chemical than it needed & did not realise that it was not permitted to dump the waste at the depot. He says the sodium fluoride has since been removed. The council will plead guilty to the charges & the matter has been adjourned in the Bourke Local Court until next month. A EPA spokeswoman says the action is being taken as the council breached the Protection of the Environment Operations Act. SHE SAYS THE DEPOT CANNOT BE LAWFULLY USED AS A WASTE FACILITY FOR SODIUM FLUORIDE, WHICH IS CLASSIFIED AS HAZARDOUS AND DANGEROUS. The council faces a maximum penalty of $22,000. SODIUM FLUORIDE IS ADDED TO URBAN WATER SUPPLIES TO IMPROVE PEOPLE'S DENTAL HEALTH. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-01-23/bourke-shire-accused-of-illegally-dumping-fluoride/3787362

I am furious that the Queensland Government and their "health department' and in fact - all other health departments Australia wide continue to see no problem with poisoning all our water supplies with fluorosilicic acid/silicofluoride toxic waste pollutants - what is wrong with all you people - there must be some ma$$ive Dollar$ in this for this dangerous and cumulative and also ineffective practice - (we are in dental crises Australia wide despite (or should I say because of these dangerously corrosive toxic waste pollutants being in our water supplies)) and I'm out there day after day in the blazing sun drinking up to 10 litres of water per day and my taxes and rates are going towards poisoning myself, my family and everyone and everything else - we truly must be mad - I call on all Australians - especially all of us poor blighters who have to work physically demanding work in the blazing sun and drinking loads of water to demand that this widespread slow poisoning stop forever. Of course you all realise everything is contaminated with the 'fluoridation chemicals' not only our water, but beer, soft drinks, orange juices, everything including all our foods. WAKE UP AUSTRALIA and let us demand that the sickness departments (health departments) stop slow poisoning us all and our total environment. Ray Buckland, who still at 64 has to do hard physical work (because my 30 years of superannuation payments got screwed) , and sick of an arrogant and non-caring Government who continues to negligently and arrogantly ignore all the evidence of cumulative harm from these dangerous toxic waste pollutants known as 'fluoride'.

What a load of tosh. Have a read here http://www.ada.org.au/oralhealth/fln/flfaqs.aspx to the ADA's acutal position. Some extracts though: The facts: Water fluoridation has been one of the most widely studied and endorsed public health measures of all time. World Health Organisation : "Fluoridation of water supplies significantly improves dental health…" and "…fluoridation of water supplies, where possible, is the most effective public health measure for the prevention of dental decay." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention : "Fluoridation of community drinking water is a major factor responsible for the decline in dental caries (tooth decay) during the second half of the 20th century…" They also describe the fluoridation of drinking water as one of the "10 Greatest Public Health Achievements in the 20th Century." International Association for Dental Research : "…taking into account that over 50 years of research have clearly demonstrated its efficacy and safety; and noting that numerous national and international health-related organizations endorse fluoridation of water supplies; fully endorses and strongly recommends the practice of water fluoridation for improving the oral health of nations." United States Food and Drug Administration : "Public health measures, such as fluoridation of drinking water and consur education on proper dental hygiene, have helped bring about a decline in cavities in the past 50 years." United States Surgeon General : "Community water fluoridation remains one of the great achievements of public health in the twentieth century - an inexpensive means of improving oral health that benefits all residents of a community, young and old, rich and poor alike." The British Medical Association : "Fluoridation of water is an effective public health strategy for reducing tooth decay in the population. The evidence accumulated over many years shows fluoride is highly protective to the teeth of children, and is very safe. Water fluoridation is one of the most effective ways of reducing tooth decay in the community. Not only does water fluoridation reduce tooth decay and consequently the number of extractions needed, but it also brings the added and welcome benefit of a reduction in the number of general anaesthetics administered to children. Evidence through scientific studies shows that fluoride in water, at or around one part per million, does not have any effect on the health of the body other than reducing decay in teeth. This view is supported by the World Health Organisation, the Royal College of Physicians, and the British Dental Association, among others." United States Public Health Service : " The PHS report concluded that fluoride has substantial benefits in the prevention of dental caries. Numerous studies have established a clear causal relation between use of fluoridated water and the prevention of dental caries…" and "... fluoridation of water is the most cost-effective method (of providing fluoride) and provides the greatest benefit to those who can least afford preventive and restorative dentistry..." Public Health Association of Australia : "Water fluoridation has been demonstrated to be effective in preventing tooth decay"…and…"should continue to be regarded as a safe and effective public health measure." What do the world's major health authorities say about water fluoridation?11 The facts: Water fluoridation has been one of the most widely studied and endorsed public health measures of all time. World Health Organisation : "Fluoridation of water supplies significantly improves dental health…" and "…fluoridation of water supplies, where possible, is the most effective public health measure for the prevention of dental decay." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention : "Fluoridation of community drinking water is a major factor responsible for the decline in dental caries (tooth decay) during the second half of the 20th century…" They also describe the fluoridation of drinking water as one of the "10 Greatest Public Health Achievements in the 20th Century." International Association for Dental Research : "…taking into account that over 50 years of research have clearly demonstrated its efficacy and safety; and noting that numerous national and international health-related organizations endorse fluoridation of water supplies; fully endorses and strongly recommends the practice of water fluoridation for improving the oral health of nations." United States Food and Drug Administration : "Public health measures, such as fluoridation of drinking water and consumer education on proper dental hygiene, have helped bring about a decline in cavities in the past 50 years." United States Surgeon General : "Community water fluoridation remains one of the great achievements of public health in the twentieth century - an inexpensive means of improving oral health that benefits all residents of a community, young and old, rich and poor alike." The British Medical Association : "Fluoridation of water is an effective public health strategy for reducing tooth decay in the population. The evidence accumulated over many years shows fluoride is highly protective to the teeth of children, and is very safe. Water fluoridation is one of the most effective ways of reducing tooth decay in the community. Not only does water fluoridation reduce tooth decay and consequently the number of extractions needed, but it also brings the added and welcome benefit of a reduction in the number of general anaesthetics administered to children. Evidence through scientific studies shows that fluoride in water, at or around one part per million, does not have any effect on the health of the body other than reducing decay in teeth. This view is supported by the World Health Organisation, the Royal College of Physicians, and the British Dental Association, among others." United States Public Health Service : " The PHS report concluded that fluoride has substantial benefits in the prevention of dental caries. Numerous studies have established a clear causal relation between use of fluoridated water and the prevention of dental caries…" and "... fluoridation of water is the most cost-effective method (of providing fluoride) and provides the greatest benefit to those who can least afford preventive and restorative dentistry..." Public Health Association of Australia : "Water fluoridation has been demonstrated to be effective in preventing tooth decay"…and…"should continue to be regarded as a safe and effective public health measure." What do the world's major health authorities say about water fluoridation?11 The facts: Water fluoridation has been one of the most widely studied and endorsed public health measures of all time. World Health Organisation : "Fluoridation of water supplies significantly improves dental health…" and "…fluoridation of water supplies, where possible, is the most effective public health measure for the prevention of dental decay." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention : "Fluoridation of community drinking water is a major factor responsible for the decline in dental caries (tooth decay) during the second half of the 20th century…" They also describe the fluoridation of drinking water as one of the "10 Greatest Public Health Achievements in the 20th Century." International Association for Dental Research : "…taking into account that over 50 years of research have clearly demonstrated its efficacy and safety; and noting that numerous national and international health-related organizations endorse fluoridation of water supplies; fully endorses and strongly recommends the practice of water fluoridation for improving the oral health of nations." United States Food and Drug Administration : "Public health measures, such as fluoridation of drinking water and consumer education on proper dental hygiene, have helped bring about a decline in cavities in the past 50 years." United States Surgeon General : "Community water fluoridation remains one of the great achievements of public health in the twentieth century - an inexpensive means of improving oral health that benefits all residents of a community, young and old, rich and poor alike." The British Medical Association : "Fluoridation of water is an effective public health strategy for reducing tooth decay in the population. The evidence accumulated over many years shows fluoride is highly protective to the teeth of children, and is very safe. Water fluoridation is one of the most effective ways of reducing tooth decay in the community. Not only does water fluoridation reduce tooth decay and consequently the number of extractions needed, but it also brings the added and welcome benefit of a reduction in the number of general anaesthetics administered to children. Evidence through scientific studies shows that fluoride in water, at or around one part per million, does not have any effect on the health of the body other than reducing decay in teeth. This view is supported by the World Health Organisation, the Royal College of Physicians, and the British Dental Association, among others." United States Public Health Service : " The PHS report concluded that fluoride has substantial benefits in the prevention of dental caries. Numerous studies have established a clear causal relation between use of fluoridated water and the prevention of dental caries…" and "... fluoridation of water is the most cost-effective method (of providing fluoride) and provides the greatest benefit to those who can least afford preventive and restorative dentistry..." Public Health Association of Australia : "Water fluoridation has been demonstrated to be effective in preventing tooth decay"…and…"should continue to be regarded as a safe and effective public health measure."

Updated August, 2011 By Paul Connett, PhD and other members of the Fluoride Action Network (including James Beck, MD, PhD, Michael Connett, JD, Hardy Limeback, DDS, PhD, David McRae and Spedding Micklem, D.Phil.) Fluoridation is a bad medical practice 1.Fluoride is the only chemical added to water for the purpose of medical treatment. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies fluoride as a drug when used to prevent or mitigate disease (FDA 2000). As a matter of basic logic, adding fluoride to water for the sole purpose of preventing tooth decay (a non-waterborne disease) is a form of medical treatment. All other water treatment chemicals are added to improve the water's quality or safety, which fluoride does not do. 2.Fluoridation is unethical. Informed consent is standard practice for all medication, and one of the key reasons why most of Western Europe has ruled against fluoridation. With water fluoridation we are allowing governments to do to whole communities (forcing people to take a medicine irrespective of their consent) what individual doctors cannot do to individual patients. While referenda are preferential to imposed policies from government, it still leaves the problem of individual rights versus majority rule. Put another way: Does a voter have the right to require that their neighbor ingest a certain medication (even if it is against that neighbor's will)? 3.The dose cannot be controlled. Once fluoride is put in the water it is impossible to control the dose each individual receives because people drink different amounts of water. Being able to control the dose a patient receives is critical. Some people (e.g., manual laborers, athletes, diabetics, and people with kidney disease) drink substantially more water than others. 4.The fluoride goes to everyone regardless of age, health or vulnerability. According to Dr. Arvid Carlsson, the 2000 Nobel Laureate in Medicine and Physiology and one of the scientists who helped keep fluoridation out of Sweden: "Water fluoridation goes against leading principles of pharmacotherapy, which is progressing from a stereotyped medication -- of the type 1 tablet 3 times a day -- to a much more individualized therapy as regards both dosage and selection of drugs. The addition of drugs to the drinking water means exactly the opposite of an individualized therapy" (Carlsson 1978). 5.People now receive fluoride from many other sources besides water. Fluoridated water is not the only way people are exposed to fluoride. Other sources of fluoride include food and beverages processed with fluoridated water (Kiritsy 1996; Heilman 1999), fluoridated dental products (Bentley 1999; Levy 1999), mechanically deboned meat (Fein 2001), tea (Levy 1999), and pesticide residues (e.g., from cryolite) on food (Stannard 1991; Burgstahler 1997). It is now widely acknowledged that exposure to non-water sources of fluoride has significantly increased since the water fluoridation program first began (NRC 2006). 6.Fluoride is not an essential nutrient (National Research Council [NRC] 1993; Institute of Medicine [IOM] 1997, NRC 2006). No disease has ever been linked to a fluoride deficiency. It has never been shown that ingested fluoride is needed to produce decay-free teeth. Not a single biological process has been shown to require fluoride. On the contrary there is extensive evidence that fluoride can interfere with many important biological processes. Fluoride interferes with numerous enzymes (Waldbott 1978). In combination with aluminum, fluoride interferes with G-proteins (Bigay 1985, 1987). Such interactions give aluminum-fluoride complexes the potential to interfere with signals from growth factors, hormones and neurotransmitters (Strunecka & Patocka 1999; Li 2003). More and more studies are indicating that fluoride can interfere with biochemistry in fundamental ways (Barbier 2010). 7.The level in mothers' milk is very low. Considering reason #6 it is perhaps not surprising that the level of fluoride in mother's milk is remarkably low (0.004 ppm, NRC, 2006). This means that a bottle-fed baby consuming fluoridated water (0.6 – 1.2 ppm) can get up to 300 times more fluoride than a breast-fed baby. There are no benefits (see reasons #11-19), only risks (see reasons #21-36), for infants ingesting this heightened level of fluoride at such an early age (an age where susceptibility to environmental toxins is particularly high). 8.Fluoride accumulates in the body. Healthy adult kidneys excrete 50 to 60% of the fluoride they ingest each day (Marier & Rose 1971). The remainder accumulates in the body, largely in calcifying tissues such as the bones and pineal gland (Luke 1997, 2001). Infants and children excrete less fluoride from their kidneys and take up to 80% of ingested fluoride into their bones (Ekstrand 1994). The fluoride concentration in bone steadily increases over a lifetime (NRC 2006). 9.No health agency in fluoridated countries is monitoring fluoride exposure or side effects. No regular measurements are being made of the levels of fluoride in urine, blood, bones, hair, or nails of either the general population or sensitive subparts of the population (e.g., individuals with kidney disease). 10.There has never been a single randomized clinical trial to demonstrate fluoridation's effectiveness or safety. Despite the fact that fluoride has been added to community water supplies for over 60 years, "there have been no randomized trials of water fluoridation" (Cheng 2007). Randomized studies are the standard method for determining the safety and effectiveness of any purportedly beneficial medical treatment. In 2000, the British Government's "York Review" could not give a single fluoridation trial a Grade A classification – despite 50 years of research (McDonagh 2000). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) continues to classify fluoride as an "unapproved new drug."

Matthew Doyle: You can say all the words of your 'tosh' you like. THE FACTS are that the rest of the world has either banned this poison, or is turfing it OUT of drinking water at a rapid rate (google . Why? S7 is S7 is S7, complete with all the heavy metals - the high aluminium content, mercury, lead, arsenic, uranium, etc. There are NO SAFE LEVELS of such contaminants - all found in the bagged industrial waste you like to think is 'safe'. Show us the long term safety data worldwide, that S7 is safe for everyone, at all times of their lives…. there has been none done. Those companies/corporations saying it's safe, are lying evil mongrels who care not one iota for my health - no, just money… .so, follow the money trail to the corruption of this big fat LIE perpetuated against humanity. The dumbing down of society through such measures as FORCED chemical 'medication' is not a decision for any politician or corporation (ADA, NHMRC, NRC, etc, etc). Nor, for that fact, YOU. Go ingest your own doses of S7 if you want to pop such pills (but I believe a bag of silicofluorides is going cheap from China's corrosive phosphate industries); but don't force it on the rest of us. You have NO RIGHT to do so. My teeth are my business. So are my kidneys, thyroid, pineal gland, bones, etc. Or did you state all your regurgitated rubbish without thinking we are no more than a walking set of teeth. People with attitudes like yours are making the world a worse place to live - not, better. I challenge you to READ the WRITE a referenced response to this book: ISBN: 9781603582872 written by three PhD Scientists. I would rather listen to real scientists, than those paid to tell a hash of lies - those who want to forcibly 'medicate' us with a known chemical neurotoxin!

I post this as a Tribute of Adoring Love to our beloved Dog Isaac Buckland - our very large and beautiful boy who became crippled in back legs in September, 2011 and died of kidney and heart failure early in the morning of 24th January, 2012. THE CASE AGAINST FLUORIDE HOW HAZARDOUS WASTE ENDED UP IN OUR DRINKING WATER AND THE BAD SCIENCE AND POWERFUL POLITICS THAT KEEP IT THERE by Paul Connett, PhD, James Beck, MD, PhD, H.S. Micklem, DPhil Extracted from Page 124 The Evidence of Harm under Heading ANIMAL STUDIES There are many animal studies of fluoride’s impact on the bone and brain, as well as on the endocrine and reproductive systems. These are discussed in subsequent chapters along with some important human studies. FARM AND DOMESTIC ANIMAL STUDIES Normally, when we talk about animal studies, we are thinking about animals used in lab studies, like rats, mice and guinea pigs. However, in the history of fluoride pollution (see chapter 9) the fluoride poisoning of farmyard animals has been of great concern. Grazing cows have literally been brought to their knees by fluoride emissions from aluminum smelters. One of the pioneers in researching the IMPACTS OF FLUORIDE on farmyard animals was DR. LENNART KROOK, A VETERINARY PATHOLOGIST at Cornell University. Dr. Krook passed away in April, 2010. One of his last studies involved investigating the mysterious illnesses affecting a number of quarter horses on Cathy and Wayne Justus’ farm in Pagosa Springs, Colorado. Some of the horses died. It was only when Cathy and Wayne Justus changed the horses’ water supply that the symptoms of the remaining animals began to clear up. Dr. Krook was able to show that the likely cause of the horses’ ailments was fluoride. This event led to the halting of fluoridation in Pagosa Springs. A very disturbing videotape of these horses can be viewed online. The Justus and Krook study was published in the journal Fluoride in 2006. The problem for both cows and horses is that they drink very large quantities of water, so should they be exposed to fluoridated water, their fluoride exposure can be very high indeed. ANOTHER ANIMAL THAT MIGHT BE VERY SENSITIVE TO FLUORIDE IS THE DOG. The dog is one of the few animals that succumbs to osteosarcoma, and larger dogs commonly lose strength in their rear legs. Fluoride is known to cause arthritic-like symptoms and is suspected of causing osteosarcoma in both rats and humans (see chapter l8. With the possibility that dogs are getting high levels of fluoride in pet food, especially pet food that contains bonemeal, there is a very real chance that fluoride may be the causative agent for these conditions. These speculations need to be investigated. SUMMARY The chemistry and biochemistry of fluoride and its kinetics in the body, are such that fluoride can function as a cumulative poison when small amounts are ingested over a long period by drinking fluoridated water. Fluoride circulates in the blood and accumulates in calcifying tissues, which include the bone, the teeth, and the pineal gland. It can inhibit the function of a variety of enzymes in vitro (‘in vitro’ literally means ‘in glass’ and is used to indicate an experiment performed outside the whole body). Also in vitro, in combination with traces of aluminum, fluoride can interfere with G proteins, used by many water-soluble messengers, such as hormones and growth factors, to deliver their messages to the inside of the cells of tissues they help regulate. Although more difficult to prove, it is reasonable to assume that many of the effects seen in vitro can occur in the whole body. END EXTRACT

PLEASE NOTE EVERYONE: Just Drawing the attention of everyone to Geoff’s question and all the ‘fluoride’ induced illnesses & diseases…but in this particular posting I wish to draw attention to the EAR, NOSE AND THROAT CONDITIONS Geoff mentions. In this regard I refer to article in Courier Mail Friday 10th February, 2012 headline NEW HOSPITAL SHORT ON BEDS by Janelle Miles Medical Reporter - Extract: The new Queensland Children’s Hospital WILL NOT HAVE ENOUGH BEDS TO COPE WITH THE DELUGE OF PATIENTS REQUIRING EAR, NOSE AND THROAT SURGERY, doctors warn. Thousands of Queensland children are estimated to be on waiting lists to see an ENT Specialist and the QCH is not due to open until 2014. The new Hospital is likely to struggle to look after the current needs, let alone the future needs....End Extract. I say to you and I plead to you Mr. Newman, on behalf of all those innocent decent and honest people, that you cannot and must not continue to allow the Health of Queenslanders to be put in Harm’s Way with this dangerously corrosive and cumulative toxic waste pollutant in every drop of water and contaminating all our foods and everything else. Decency, honesty, transparency and genuine care and concern for the entire population and our environment must be any Government’s first and only responsibility. Fluoride – The Battle of Darkness & Light by Mary Sparrowdancer Gives extensive information on ‘FLUORIDE INDUCED’ ILLNESSES & DISEASES http://www.rense.com/general45/bll.htm IM

Here's Sweet Proof to all the genuine & descent sheeple out there, just who is willfully misleading whom, you'll understand just why these ruthless people, are so determined on the destruction of your health! This can be all be verified by a specialist, or even yourself, if your well educated etc. Fluoride - A Medical Fact Which You Can Have Substantiated By Specialists Who Are Not Under The Control Of The Government The following should open your eyes to a medical fact which you can have substantiated by specialists who are not under the control of the government and can therefore tell the truth. This knowledge is truly fascinating. This is connected to diet & the thyroid gland! "All the blood in the body passes through the thyroid gland every 17 minutes, during this 17min passage the gland's secretion of iodine KILLS weak germs that may have gained entry into the blood through an injury to the skin, the lining of nose or throat, or through absorption of food from the digestive tract, Strong, virulent germs are rendered weaker by each 17 min trip, until finally they are killed." "It is well established that the iodine content of the thyroid gland is dependent upon the iodine available in the food and water intake of the individual" "This gland performs other functions besides killing harmful germs in the blood. The 1st is the rebuilding of energy with which to do the day's work. The 2nd is to calm the body and relieve nervous tension, and the 3rd relates to clear thinking. Iodine is also one of the best oxidizing catalysts we have." "Now while the thyroid gland helpfully stores iodine from the blood passing through it every 17 mins., the gland MAY also BE MADE TO LOSE THAT STORED IODINE IF, for example, WE TAKE IN DRINKING WATER TO WHICH CHLORINE IS ADDED, or use too much sodium chloride, whose common name is table salt." "There is a WELL- KNOWN law of halogen displacement. The halogen group is made up as follows; Halogen ... Relative Atomic Weight FLUORINE..19. CHLORINE..35.5 BROMINE..80 IODINE..127. The clinical activity of any one of these 4 halogens is in INVERSE proportion to its atomic weight. This means that any one of the four, CAN DISPLACE THE ELEMENT WITH A HIGHER ATOMIC WEIGHT, but cannot displace an element with a lower atomic weight." Therefore FLUORINE with the LOWEST atomic weight CAN REPLACE ALL of the others, but most of all IODINE. "BUT A REVERSE ORDER IS NOT POSSIBLE.'' Now you'll understand why these creatures are so insistent on this plan of destruction, hope this proves it clearly to the genuine & descent sheeple out there.

Proponents will be powerless, nor will they be able to disprove the following facts (not genuinely anyway), even if they'll blow a fuse, or two). This is for the genuine & descent folks out there, who may not yet be aware, of the dark & sinister history of fluoride, which was fraudulent foisted onto the American public! Plz Note: Thanxs to the excellent work of Investigator, Christopher Bryson! Recently declassified US Military documents such as Manhattan Project, shows how Fluoride is the key chemical in atomic bomb production and millions of tonnes of it were needed for the manufacture of bomb-grade uranium and plutonium. Fluoride poisoning, not radiation poisoning, emerged as the leading chemical health hazard for both workers and nearby communities. A-bomb scientists were ordered to provide evidence useful for defense in litigation, so they began secretly testing fluoride on unsuspecting hospital patients and indignant, mentally retarded children.. "The August 1948 Journal of the American Dental Association shows that evidence of adverse effects from fluoride was censored by the US Atomic Energy Commission for reasons of "national security" (Griffiths 1998). The only report released stated that fluoride was safe for humans in small doses. During the Cold War, Dr. Harold C. Hodge, who had been the toxicologist for the US Army Manhattan Project, was the leading scientific promoter of water fluoridation. While Dr. Hodge was reassuring congress of the safety of water fluoridation, he was covertly conducting one of the nation’s first public water fluoridation experiments in Newburgh, New York, secretly studying biological samples from Newburgh citizens at his US laboratory at the University of Rochester. Since there are no legal constraints against the suppression of scientific data, the only published conclusion resulting from these experiments was that fluoride was safe in low doses, a profoundly helpful verdict for the US Military who feared lawsuits for fluoride injury from workers in nuclear power plants and munitions factories. Fluoride pollution was one of the biggest legal worries facing key US industrial sectors during the cold war. Details--> http://tinyurl.com/2sbndm

Town council passes moratorium on putting artificial fluoridation into drinking water – Town had suspended artificial fluoridation last April February 7, 2012 By: Ron Giofu, The Amherstburg Echo, Ontario 07-Feb-2012 — Artificial fluoridation will stay out of Amherstburg’s drinking water after town council passed a moratorium against adding fluoride Monday night. Town council was unanimous in passing a motion put forward by Councillor Carolyn Davies that called for the moratorium to be put into place. Her motion read “that a moratorium be put on future purchase and installation of new municipal water fluoridation equipment and future purchase and use of fluoridation chemical known as hydrofluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) containing silicofluoride and further that administration be directed to request from government jurisdictions including Health Canada, the Ontario Ministries of Labour and Environment, evidence ensuring that town employees and any others working with the hydrofluorosilicic acid process are not put in harm’s way, as required by the Ontario Health and Safety Act (1990).” Fluoride is the legal and financial responsibility of municipal governments, said Davies and more information is now available than when fluoride was first introduced roughly 60 years ago. “I think we’ve heard more peer reviews and scientific reviews that didn’t exist in the ‘40s or the ‘50s,” she said. The town had already suspended artificial water fluoridation last April awaiting information on upgrades and repairs to the system and methodology in providing fluoridation. That information was to be provided by the town’s consultants CH2M Hill. However, Davies said with her motion now passed, the purchase of any equipment and any subsequent information becomes “a moot point” with the town not wanting fluoride re-introduced. “Why spend taxpayers’ money on something that has proven evidence of human harm?” she asked. Davies added she is confident there will be no evidence to the contrary to come forth proving there is are no safety risks to adding fluoride to drinking water. “I think we should go through with it,” said Councillor Bart DiPasquale of the moratorium. “Other communities have done it. Let’s go through with it and move on.” Kimberly DeYong of Fluoride Free Windsor and Heather Gingerich, director of the International Medical Geology Association, told council of their research in respect to potential risks fluoride poses to both human health and environment. DeYong said Amherstburg was the only town not served by the Windsor Utilities Commission to still use fluoride in its water. She added that 13 Canadian municipalities in the last 15 months decided to stop putting fluoride in drinking water. “Our water is something that should be pure. It should not be used to deliver medication,” said DeYong. Gingerich recommended that council not resume artificial fluoridation, noting that it would comply with environmental regulations, protect people including the unborn and elderly and allow provincial public health care dollars to be targeted in other ways. She noted that people begin to show negative impacts in the third generation of exposure. Several local residents also urged council to eliminate artificial fluoridation. “As a private resident, I would like to be able to be confident that the water we are drinking is water,” said Lorene Clayton. If water is fluoridated, she said people couldn’t even make soup without being exposed. “I’d love to be able to make that choice,” she said, of being able to choose water that hasn’t been fluoridated. “I would like to urge council to take the time and review what has been presented tonight,” said Pat Andrews. “I’d like to be able to drink water that is just water.” Christine Moody quoted from a Nov. 15, 2011 letter by Dr. Hardy Limeback, professor and head of preventive dentistry at the University of Toronto. The letter read, in part, that Limeback has “personally conducted years of funded research at the University of Toronto on the topic of fluorosis (fluoride poisoning) and bone effects of fluoride intake. A bone study, for which we received national funding, comparing hip bones of people who live in Toronto (fluoridated since 1963) to the bones of people from Montreal (Montreal has never been fluoridated) suggests disturbing negative changes in the bone quality of Torontonians. This is not good.” Limebeck’s letter also stated that fluoride has not been shown to be safe and effective and that the pendulum is shifting to where fluoride is being considered “not safe, and no longer effective.” http://cof-cof.ca/2012/02/4958/

THE BOTTOM LINE IS THE ABYSMAL FAILURE OF ‘FLUORIDATION’ AND AUSTRALIA IS IN DENTAL CRISES DESPITE/OR AS A RESULT OF THIS ‘FLUORIDATION’ FOR DECADES - BUT IT IS ALSO ABOUT THE EXTENSIVE EVIDENCE OF CUMULATIVE HARM See admission below Australia Dental health crises - but no word about the massive % saturation of 'fluoridation' Australia wide for up to five decades + - Sydney was fluorosilicic acid poisoned in 1968 and NSW stands at approx. 95% + 'fluoridated' & in dental crises - Sydney also ran out of units for dialysis machines & had to build more facilities:- AUSTRALIA IS IN DESPERATE NEED OF A NATIONAL DENTAL HEALTH SCHEME writes Deborah Cole (CEO DENTAL HEALTH SERVICES VICTORIA) Jan 8th 2012 An entire, large article in the Sunday Age on dental health in Victoria, Australia (the crisis in dental health & need for a national ‘denticare scheme’) ****and in article not one mention of up to five decades + of 'fluoridation' which first commenced in Beaconsfield Tasmania 1953 = Tasmania suffers worst dental health in the nation – & other states of Australia also in dental crises – this is despite widespread fluoridation in all states with percentage of fluorosilicic acid/silicofluoride poisoning of up to 92% in other states (100% ACT)***** http://www.theage.com.au/opinion/a-system-in-decay-20120107-1ppd0.html This same appalling story in the USA - long term 'fluoridation' = dental crises -PROVIDE ACCESS TO AFFORDABLE DENTAL CARE SERVICES FOR ALL THE POPULATION NOT FLUOROSILICIC ACID/SILICOFLUORIDE POISONED WATER SUPPLIES the evidence of cumulative harm from which is unquestionable & in dental crises & fluoridated for up to 50 + years

50 Reasons to Oppose Fluoridation Updated August, 2011 By Paul Connett, PhD and other members of the Fluoride Action Network (including James Beck, MD, PhD, Michael Connett, JD, Hardy Limeback, DDS, PhD, David McRae and Spedding Micklem, D.Phil.) Introduction Fluoridation is the practice of adding a fluoride compound to the public drinking water supply ostensibly for the purpose of fighting tooth decay. The levels used range from 0.6 to 1.2 milligrams of fluoride ion per liter (or parts per million, ppm). The practice began in the U.S. in 1945 and was endorsed by the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) in 1950. Very few countries have adopted this practice to any significant extent. Only eight countries in the world have more than 50% of their populations drinking artificially fluoridated water (Australia, Colombia, Ireland, Israel, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the U.S.). In Europe, only Ireland (with 73% of the population fluoridated), the U.K. (10%) and Spain (10%) fluoridate some of their water supplies. In the U.S., about 70% of the population is drinking fluoridated water – that is approximately 200 million people and about half the number of people drinking artificially fluoridated water worldwide. Some countries have areas with high natural fluoride levels in the water. These include India, China and parts of Africa. In these countries measures are being taken to remove the fluoride because of the health problems that fluoride can cause. Fluoridation is a bad medical practice 1.Fluoride is the only chemical added to water for the purpose of medical treatment. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies fluoride as a drug when used to prevent or mitigate disease (FDA 2000). As a matter of basic logic, adding fluoride to water for the sole purpose of preventing tooth decay (a non-waterborne disease) is a form of medical treatment. All other water treatment chemicals are added to improve the water's quality or safety, which fluoride does not do. 2.Fluoridation is unethical. Informed consent is standard practice for all medication, and one of the key reasons why most of Western Europe has ruled against fluoridation. With water fluoridation we are allowing governments to do to whole communities (forcing people to take a medicine irrespective of their consent) what individual doctors cannot do to individual patients. While referenda are preferential to imposed policies from government, it still leaves the problem of individual rights versus majority rule. Put another way: Does a voter have the right to require that their neighbor ingest a certain medication (even if it is against that neighbor's will)? 3.The dose cannot be controlled. Once fluoride is put in the water it is impossible to control the dose each individual receives because people drink different amounts of water. Being able to control the dose a patient receives is critical. Some people (e.g., manual laborers, athletes, diabetics, and people with kidney disease) drink substantially more water than others. 4.The fluoride goes to everyone regardless of age, health or vulnerability. According to Dr. Arvid Carlsson, the 2000 Nobel Laureate in Medicine and Physiology and one of the scientists who helped keep fluoridation out of Sweden: "Water fluoridation goes against leading principles of pharmacotherapy, which is progressing from a stereotyped medication -- of the type 1 tablet 3 times a day -- to a much more individualized therapy as regards both dosage and selection of drugs. The addition of drugs to the drinking water means exactly the opposite of an individualized therapy" (Carlsson 1978). 5.People now receive fluoride from many other sources besides water. Fluoridated water is not the only way people are exposed to fluoride. Other sources of fluoride include food and beverages processed with fluoridated water (Kiritsy 1996; Heilman 1999), fluoridated dental products (Bentley 1999; Levy 1999), mechanically deboned meat (Fein 2001), tea (Levy 1999), and pesticide residues (e.g., from cryolite) on food (Stannard 1991; Burgstahler 1997). It is now widely acknowledged that exposure to non-water sources of fluoride has significantly increased since the water fluoridation program first began (NRC 2006). 6.Fluoride is not an essential nutrient (National Research Council [NRC] 1993; Institute of Medicine [IOM] 1997, NRC 2006). No disease has ever been linked to a fluoride deficiency. It has never been shown that ingested fluoride is needed to produce decay-free teeth. Not a single biological process has been shown to require fluoride. On the contrary there is extensive evidence that fluoride can interfere with many important biological processes. Fluoride interferes with numerous enzymes (Waldbott 1978). In combination with aluminum, fluoride interferes with G-proteins (Bigay 1985, 1987). Such interactions give aluminum-fluoride complexes the potential to interfere with signals from growth factors, hormones and neurotransmitters (Strunecka & Patocka 1999; Li 2003). More and more studies are indicating that fluoride can interfere with biochemistry in fundamental ways (Barbier 2010). 7.The level in mothers' milk is very low. Considering reason #6 it is perhaps not surprising that the level of fluoride in mother's milk is remarkably low (0.004 ppm, NRC, 2006). This means that a bottle-fed baby consuming fluoridated water (0.6 – 1.2 ppm) can get up to 300 times more fluoride than a breast-fed baby. There are no benefits (see reasons #11-19), only risks (see reasons #21-36), for infants ingesting this heightened level of fluoride at such an early age (an age where susceptibility to environmental toxins is particularly high). 8.Fluoride accumulates in the body. Healthy adult kidneys excrete 50 to 60% of the fluoride they ingest each day (Marier & Rose 1971). The remainder accumulates in the body, largely in calcifying tissues such as the bones and pineal gland (Luke 1997, 2001). Infants and children excrete less fluoride from their kidneys and take up to 80% of ingested fluoride into their bones (Ekstrand 1994). The fluoride concentration in bone steadily increases over a lifetime (NRC 2006). 9.No health agency in fluoridated countries is monitoring fluoride exposure or side effects. No regular measurements are being made of the levels of fluoride in urine, blood, bones, hair, or nails of either the general population or sensitive subparts of the population (e.g., individuals with kidney disease). 10.There has never been a single randomized clinical trial to demonstrate fluoridation's effectiveness or safety. Despite the fact that fluoride has been added to community water supplies for over 60 years, "there have been no randomized trials of water fluoridation" (Cheng 2007). Randomized studies are the standard method for determining the safety and effectiveness of any purportedly beneficial medical treatment. In 2000, the British Government's "York Review" could not give a single fluoridation trial a Grade A classification – despite 50 years of research (McDonagh 2000). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) continues to classify fluoride as an "unapproved new drug." Swallowing fluoride provides no (or very little) benefit 11.Benefit is topical not systemic. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 1999, 2001) has now acknowledged that the mechanism of fluoride's benefits are mainly topical, not systemic. There is no need whatsoever, therefore, to swallow fluoride to protect teeth. Since the purported benefit of fluoride is topical, and the risks are systemic, it makes more sense to deliver the fluoride directly to the tooth in the form of toothpaste. Since swallowing fluoride is unnecessary, and potentially dangerous, there is no justification for forcing people (against their will) to ingest fluoride through their water supply. 12.Fluoridation is not necessary. Most western, industrialized countries have rejected water fluoridation, but have nevertheless experienced the same decline in childhood dental decay as fluoridated countries. (See data from World Health Organization presented graphically in Figure 1). 13.Fluoridation's role in the decline of tooth decay is in serious doubt. The largest survey ever conducted in the US (over 39,000 children from 84 communities) by the National Institute of Dental Research showed little difference in tooth decay among children in fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities (Hileman 1989). According to NIDR researchers, the study found an average difference of only 0.6 DMFS (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces) in the permanent teeth of children aged 5-17 residing their entire lives in either fluoridated or unfluoridated areas (Brunelle & Carlos, 1990). This difference is less than one tooth surface, and less than 1% of the 100+ tooth surfaces available in a child's mouth. Large surveys from three Australian states have found even less of a benefit, with decay reductions ranging from 0 to 0.3 of one permanent tooth surface (Spencer 1996; Armfield & Spencer 2004). None of these studies have allowed for the possible delayed eruption of the teeth that may be caused by exposure to fluoride, for which there is some evidence (Komarek 2005). A one-year delay in eruption of the permanent teeth would eliminate the very small benefit recorded in these modern studies. 14.NIH-funded study on individual fluoride ingestion and tooth decay failed to find a significant correlation. A multi-million dollar, U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) -funded study (Warren 2009) found no relation between tooth decay and the amount of fluoride ingested by children. This is the first time that tooth decay has been investigated as a function of individual exposure as opposed to mere residence in a fluoridated community. 15.Tooth decay is high in low-income communities that have been fluoridated for years. Despite some claims to the contrary, water fluoridation cannot prevent the oral health crises that result from rampant poverty, inadequate nutrition, and lack of access to dental care. There have been numerous reports of severe dental crises in low-income neighborhoods of US cities that have been fluoridated for over 20 years (e.g., Boston, Cincinnati, New York City, and Pittsburgh). In addition, fluoridation has been repeatedly found to be ineffective at preventing the most serious oral health problem facing poor children, namely "baby bottle tooth decay," otherwise known as early childhood caries (Barnes 1992; Shiboski 2003). 16.Tooth decay does not go up when fluoridation is stopped. Where fluoridation has been discontinued in communities from Canada, the former East Germany, Cuba and Finland, dental decay has not increased but has generally continued to decrease (Maupomé 2001; Kunzel & Fischer, 1997, 2000; Kunzel 2000; Seppa 2000). 17.Tooth decay was coming down before fluoridation started. Modern research (e.g., Diesendorf 1986; Colquhoun 1997) shows that decay rates were coming down before fluoridation was introduced in Australia and New Zealand and have continued to decline even after its benefits would have been maximized (see Figure 2). Many other factors influence tooth decay. The studies that launched fluoridation were methodologically flawed. The early trials conducted between 1945 and 1955 in North America that helped to launch fluoridation, have been heavily criticized for their poor methodology and poor choice of control communities (De Stefano 1954; Sutton 1959, 1960, 1996; Ziegelbecker 1970). According to Dr. Hubert Arnold, a statistician from the University of California at Davis, the early fluoridation trials "are especially rich in fallacies, improper design, invalid use of statistical methods, omissions of contrary data, and just plain muddleheadedness and hebetude." Serious questions have also been raised about Trendley Dean's (the father of fluoridation) famous 21-city study from 1942 (Ziegelbecker 1981). Children are being over-exposed to fluoride 19.Children are being over-exposed to fluoride. The fluoridation program has massively failed to achieve one of its key objectives, i.e., to lower dental decay rates while limiting the occurrence of dental fluorosis (a discoloring of tooth enamel caused by too much fluoride. The goal of the early promoters of fluoridation was to limit dental fluorosis (in its very mild form) to 10% of children (NRC 1993, pp. 6-7). In 2010, however, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that 41% of American adolescents had dental fluorosis, with 8.6% having mild fluorosis and 3.6% having either moderate or severe dental fluorosis (Beltran-Aguilar 2010). As the 41% prevalence figure is a national average and includes children living in fluoridated and unfluoridated areas, the fluorosis rate in fluoridated communities will obviously be higher. The British Government's York Review estimated that up to 48% of children in fluoridated areas worldwide have dental fluorosis in all forms, with 12.5% having fluorosis of aesthetic concern (McDonagh, 2000). 20.The highest doses of fluoride are going to bottle-fed babies. Because of their sole reliance on liquids for their food intake, infants consuming formula made with fluoridated water have the highest exposure to fluoride, by bodyweight, in the population. Because infant exposure to fluoridated water has been repeatedly found to be a major risk factor for developing dental fluorosis later in life (Marshall 2004; Hong 2006; Levy 2010), a number of dental researchers have recommended that parents of newborns not use fluoridated water when reconstituting formula (Ekstrand 1996; Pendrys 1998; Fomon 2000; Brothwell 2003; Marshall 2004). Even the American Dental Association (ADA), the most ardent institutional proponent of fluoridation, distributed a November 6, 2006 email alert to its members recommending that parents be advised that formula should be made with "low or no-fluoride water." Unfortunately, the ADA has done little to get this information into the hands of parents. As a result, many parents remain unaware of the fluorosis risk from infant exposure to fluoridated water. Evidence of harm to other tissues 21.Dental fluorosis may be an indicator of wider systemic damage. There have been many suggestions as to the possible biochemical mechanisms underlying the development of dental fluorosis (Matsuo 1998; Den Besten 1999; Sharma 2008; Duan 2011; Tye 2011) and they are complicated for a lay reader. While promoters of fluoridation are content to dismiss dental fluorosis (in its milder forms) as merely a cosmetic effect, it is rash to assume that fluoride is not impacting other developing tissues when it is visibly damaging the teeth by some biochemical mechanism (Groth 1973; Colquhoun 1997). Moreover, ingested fluoride can only cause dental fluorosis during the period before the permanent teeth have erupted (6-8 years), other tissues are potentially susceptible to damage throughout life. For example, in areas of naturally high levels of fluoride the first indicator of harm is dental fluorosis in children. In the same communities many older people develop skeletal fluorosis. 22.Fluoride may damage the brain. According to the National Research Council (2006), "it is apparent that fluorides have the ability to interfere with the functions of the brain." In a review of the literature commissioned by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), fluoride has been listed among about 100 chemicals for which there is "substantial evidence of developmental neurotoxicity." Animal experiments show that fluoride accumulates in the brain and alters mental behavior in a manner consistent with a neurotoxic agent (Mullenix 1995). In total, there have now been over 100 animal experiments showing that fluoride can damage the brain and impact learning and behavior. According to fluoridation proponents, these animal studies can be ignored because high doses were used. However, it is important to note that it takes 5-20 times more fluoride to reach the same plasma levels in rats as reached in humans (Sawan 2010). In fact, one animal experiment found effects at remarkably low doses (Varner 1998). In this study, rats fed for one year with 1 ppm fluoride in their water (the same level used in fluoridation programs), using either sodium fluoride or aluminum fluoride, had morphological changes to their kidneys and brains, an increased uptake of aluminum in the brain, and the formation of beta-amyloid deposits which are associated with Alzheimer's disease. Other animal studies have found effects on the brain at water fluoride levels as low as 5 ppm (Liu 2010).(For a complete listing of these studies. 23.Fluoride may lower IQ. There have now been 24 studies from China, Iran, India and Mexico that have reported an association between fluoride exposure and reduced IQ. One of these studies (Lin Fa-Fu 1991) indicates that even just moderate levels of fluoride exposure (e.g., 0.9 ppm in the water) can exacerbate the neurological defects of iodine deficiency. In the absence of iodine deficiency, another research team (Xiang 2003a,b) estimated that fluoride may lower IQ at 1.9 ppm, while a recent preliminary study (Ding 2011) found a lowering of IQ in children drinking water at levels ranging from 0.3 to 3 ppm. The authors of this latter study reported that for each increase of 1 ppm fluoride measured in the urine there was a loss of 0.59 IQ points. None of these studies indicates an adequate margin of safety to protect all children drinking artificially fluoridated water from this affect. According to the National Research Council (2006), "the consistency of the results [in fluoride/IQ studies] appears significant enough to warrant additional research on the effects of fluoride on intelligence." Except for an early and small IQ study from New Zealand (Shannon et al., 1986) no fluoridating country has investigated the matter for themselves. 24.Fluoride may cause non-IQ neurotoxic effects. Reduced IQ is not the only neurotoxic effect that may result from fluoride exposure. At least three human studies have reported an association between fluoride exposure and impaired visual-spatial organization (Calderon 2000; Li 2004; Rocha-Amador 2009); while three other studies have found an association between prenatal fluoride exposure and fetal brain damage (Han 1989; Du 1992; Yu 1996). 25.Fluoride affects the pineal gland. Studies by Jennifer Luke (2001) show that fluoride accumulates in the human pineal gland to very high levels. In her Ph.D. thesis, Luke has also shown in animal studies that fluoride reduces melatonin production and leads to an earlier onset of puberty (Luke 1997). Consistent with Luke's findings, one of the earliest fluoridation trials in the U.S. (Schlesinger 1956) reported that on average young girls in the fluoridated community reached menstruation 5 months earlier than girls in the non-fluoridated community. Inexplicably, no fluoridating country has attempted to reproduce either Luke's or Schlesinger's findings or examine the issue any further. 26.Fluoride affects thyroid function. According to the U.S. National Research Council (2006), "several lines of information indicate an effect of fluoride exposure on thyroid function." In the Ukraine, Bachinskii (1985) found a lowering of thyroid function, among otherwise healthy people, at 2.3 ppm fluoride in water. In the middle of the 20th century, fluoride was prescribed by a number of European doctors to reduce the activity of the thyroid gland for those suffering from hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) (Stecher 1960; Waldbott 1978). According to a clinical study by Galletti and Joyet (1958), the thyroid function of hyperthyroid patients was effectively reduced at just 2.3 to 4.5 mg/day of fluoride ion. To put this finding in perspective, the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS, 1991) has estimated that total fluoride exposure in fluoridated communities ranges from 1.6 to 6.6 mg/day. This is a remarkable fact, particularly considering the rampant and increasing problem of hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) in the United States and other fluoridated countries. Symptoms of hypothyroidism include depression, fatigue, weight gain, muscle and joint pains, increased cholesterol levels, and heart disease. In 2010, the second most prescribed drug of the year was Synthroid (sodium levothyroxine) which is a hormone replacement drug used to treat an underactive thyroid. 27.Fluoride causes arthritic symptoms. Some of the early symptoms of skeletal fluorosis (a fluoride-induced bone and joint disease that impacts millions of people in India, China, and Africa), mimic the symptoms of arthritis (Singh 1963; Franke 1975; Teotia 1976; Carnow 1981; Czerwinski 1988; DHHS 1991). According to a review on fluoridation published in Chemical & Engineering News, "Because some of the clinical symptoms mimic arthritis, the first two clinical phases of skeletal fluorosis could be easily misdiagnosed" (Hileman 1988). Few, if any, studies have been done to determine the extent of this misdiagnosis, and whether the high prevalence of arthritis in America (1 in 3 Americans have some form of arthritis - CDC, 2002) and other fluoridated countries is related to growing fluoride exposure, which is highly plausible. Even when individuals in the U.S. suffer advanced forms of skeletal fluorosis (from drinking large amounts of tea), it has taken years of misdiagnoses before doctors finally correctly diagnosed the condition as fluorosis. 28.Fluoride damages bone. An early fluoridation trial (Newburgh-Kingston 1945-55) found a significant two-fold increase in cortical bone defects among children in the fluoridated community (Schlesinger 1956). The cortical bone is the outside layer of the bone and is important to protect against fracture. While this result was not considered important at the time with respect to bone fractures, it did prompt questions about a possible link to osteosarcoma (Caffey, 1955; NAS, 1977). In 2001, Alarcon-Herrera and co-workers reported a linear correlation between the severity of dental fluorosis and the frequency of bone fractures in both children and adults in a high fluoride area in Mexico. 29.Fluoride may increase hip fractures in the elderly. When high doses of fluoride (average 26 mg per day) were used in trials to treat patients with osteoporosis in an effort to harden their bones and reduce fracture rates, it actually led to a higher number of fractures, particularly hip fractures (Inkovaara 1975; Gerster 1983; Dambacher 1986; O'Duffy 1986; Hedlund 1989; Bayley 1990; Gutteridge 1990. 2002; Orcel 1990; Riggs 1990 and Schnitzler 1990). Hip fracture is a very serious issue for the elderly, often leading to a loss of independence or a shortened life. There have been over a dozen studies published since 1990 that have investigated a possible relationship between hip fractures and long term consumption of artificially fluoridated water or water with high natural levels. The results have been mixed – some have found an association and others have not. Some have even claimed a protective effect. One very important study in China, which examined hip fractures in six Chinese villages, found what appears to be a dose-related increase in hip fracture as the concentration of fluoride rose from 1 ppm to 8 ppm (Li 2001) offering little comfort to those who drink a lot of fluoridated water. Moreover, in the only human epidemiological study to assess bone strength as a function of bone fluoride concentration, researchers from the University of Toronto found that (as with animal studies) the strength of bone declined with increasing fluoride content (Chachra 2010). Finally, a recent study from Iowa (Levy 2009), published data suggesting that low-level fluoride exposure may have a detrimental effect on cortical bone density in girls (an effect that has been repeatedly documented in clinical trials and which has been posited as an important mechanism by which fluoride may increase bone fracture rates). 30.People with impaired kidney function are particularly vulnerable to bone damage. Because of their inability to effectively excrete fluoride, people with kidney disease are prone to accumulating high levels of fluoride in their bone and blood. As a result of this high fluoride body burden, kidney patients have an elevated risk for developing skeletal fluorosis. In one of the few U.S. studies investigating the matter, crippling skeletal fluorosis was documented among patients with severe kidney disease drinking water with just 1.7 ppm fluoride (Johnson 1979). Since severe skeletal fluorosis in kidney patients has been detected in small case studies, it is likely that larger, systematic studies would detect skeletal fluorosis at even lower fluoride levels. 31.Fluoride may cause bone cancer (osteosarcoma). A U.S. government-funded animal study found a dose-dependent increase in bone cancer (osteosarcoma) in fluoride-treated, male rats (NTP 1990). Following the results of this study, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) reviewed national cancer data in the U.S. and found a significantly higher rate of osteosarcoma (a bone cancer) in young men in fluoridated versus unfluoridated areas (Hoover et al 1991a). While the NCI concluded (based on an analysis lacking statistical power) that fluoridation was not the cause (Hoover et al 1991b), no explanation was provided to explain the higher rates in the fluoridated areas. A smaller study from New Jersey (Cohn 1992) found osteosarcoma rates to be up to 6 times higher in young men living in fluoridated versus unfluoridated areas. Other epidemiological studies of varying size and quality have failed to find this relationship (a summary of these can be found in Bassin, 2001 and Connett & Neurath, 2005). There are three reasons why a fluoride-osteosarcoma connection is plausible: First, fluoride accumulates to a high level in bone. Second, fluoride stimulates bone growth. And, third, fluoride can interfere with the genetic apparatus of bone cells in several ways; it has been shown to be mutagenic, cause chromosome damage, and interfere with the enzymes involved with DNA repair in both cell and tissue studies (Tsutsui 1984; Caspary 1987; Kishi 1993; Mihashi 1996; Zhang 2009). In addition to cell and tissue studies, a correlation between fluoride exposure and chromosome damage in humans has also been reported (Sheth 1994; Wu 1995; Meng 1997; Joseph 2000). 32.Proponents have failed to refute the Bassin-Osteosarcoma study. In 2001, Elise Bassin, a dentist, successfully defended her doctoral thesis at Harvard in which she found that young boys had a five-to-seven fold increased risk of getting osteosarcoma by the age of 20 if they drank fluoridated water during their mid-childhood growth spurt (age 6 to 8). The study was published in 2006 (Bassin 2006) but has been largely discounted by fluoridating countries because her thesis adviser Professor Chester Douglass (a promoter of fluoridation and a consultant for Colgate) promised a larger study that he claimed would discount her thesis (Douglass and Joshipura, 2006). Now, after 5 years of waiting the Douglass study has finally been published (Kim 2011) but in no way does this study discount Bassin's findings. The study, which used far fewer controls than Bassin's analysis, did not even attempt to assess the age-specific window of risk that Bassin identified. Indeed, by the authors' own admission, the study had no capacity to assess the risk of osteosarcoma among children and adolescents (the precise population of concern). For a critique of the Douglass study, click here. 33.Fluoride may cause reproductive problems. Fluoride administered to animals at high doses wreaks havoc on the male reproductive system - it damages sperm and increases the rate of infertility in a number of different species (Kour 1980; Chinoy 1989; Chinoy 1991; Susheela 1991; Chinoy 1994; Kumar 1994; Narayana 1994a,b; Zhao 1995; Elbetieha 2000; Ghosh 2002; Zakrzewska 2002). In addition, an epidemiological study from the US found increased rates of infertility among couples living in areas with 3 ppm or more fluoride in the water (Freni 1994), two studies have found reduced level of circulating testosterone in males living in high fluoride areas (Susheela 1996; Barot 1998), and a study of fluoride-exposed workers reported a "subclinical reproductive effect" (Ortiz-Perez 2003). While animal studies by FDA researchers have failed to find evidence of reproductive toxicity in fluoride-exposed rats (Sprando 1996, 1997, 1998), the National Research Council (2006) has recommended that, "the relationship between fluoride and fertility requires additional study." 34.Some individuals are highly sensitive to low levels of fluoride as shown by case studies and double blind studies (Shea 1967; Waldbott 1978; Moolenburgh 1987). In one study, which lasted 13 years, Feltman and Kosel (1961) showed that about 1% of patients given 1 mg of fluoride each day developed negative reactions. Many individuals have reported suffering from symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, rashes and stomach and gastro intestinal tract problems, which disappear when they avoid fluoride in their water and diet. Frequently the symptoms reappear when they are unwittingly exposed to fluoride again (Spittle, 2008). No fluoridating government has conducted scientific studies to take this issue beyond these anecdotal reports. Without the willingness of governments to investigate these reports scientifically, should we as a society be forcing these people to ingest fluoride? 35.Other subsets of population are more vulnerable to fluoride's toxicity. In addition to people suffering from impaired kidney function discussed in reason #30 other subsets of the population are more vulnerable.to fluoride's toxic effects. According to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR 1993) these include: infants, the elderly and diabetics. Also vulnerable are those who suffer from malnutrition (e.g., calcium, magnesium, vitamin C, vitamin D and iodine deficiencies and protein-poor diets. See: Massler & Schour 1952; Marier & Rose 1977; Lin Fa-Fu 1991; Chen 1997; Teotia 1998). No Margin of Safety 36.There is no margin of safety for several health effects. No one can deny that high natural levels of fluoride damage health. Millions of people in India and China have had their health compromised by fluoride. The real argument is about whether there is an adequate margin of safety between the doses that have been shown to cause harm in published studies and the total dose people receive consuming uncontrolled amounts of fluoridated water and non-water sources of fluoride. This margin of safety has to take into account the wide range of individual sensitivity expected in a large population (a safety factor of 10 is usually applied to the lowest level causing harm). Another safety factor is also needed to take into account the wide range of doses to which people are exposed. There is clearly no margin of safety for dental fluorosis (CDC, 2010) and based on the following studies nowhere near an adequate margin of safety for lowered IQ (Xiang 2003a,b; Ding 2011); lowered thyroid function (Galletti & Joyet 1958; Bachinskii 1985; Lin 1991); bone fractures in children (Alarcon-Herrera 2001) or hip fractures in the elderly (Kurttio 1999; Li 2001). All these harmful effects are discussed in the NRC (2006) review. Environmental Justice 37.Low-income families penalized by fluoridation. Those most likely to suffer from poor nutrition, and thus more likely to be more vulnerable to fluoride's toxic effects, are the poor, who unfortunately, are the very people being targeted by new fluoridation programs. While at heightened risk, poor families are least able to afford avoiding fluoride once it is added to the water supply. No financial support is being offered to these families to help them get alternative water supplies or to help pay the costs of treating unsightly cases of dental fluorosis. 38.Black and Hispanic children are more vulnerable to fluoride's toxicity. According to the CDC's national survey of dental fluorosis, black and Mexican-American children have significantly higher rates of dental fluorosis than white children (Beltran-Aguilar 2005, Table 23). The recognition that minority children appear to be more vulnerable to toxic effects of fluoride, combined with the fact that low-income families are less able to avoid drinking fluoridated water, has prompted prominent leaders in the environmental-justice movement to oppose mandatory fluoridation in Georgia. In a statement issued in May 2011, the Rev. Andrew Young, a colleague of Martin Luther King, Jr., and former Mayor of Atlanta and former US Ambassador to the United Nations, stated: "I am most deeply concerned for poor families who have babies: if they cannot afford unfluoridated water for their babies' milk formula, do their babies not count? Of course they do. This is an issue of fairness, civil rights, and compassion. We must find better ways to prevent cavities, such as helping those most at risk for cavities obtain access to the services of a dentist…My father was a dentist. I formerly was a strong believer in the benefits of water fluoridation for preventing cavities. But many things that we began to do 50 or more years ago we now no longer do, because we have learned further information that changes our practices and policies. So it is with fluoridation." (see: http://www2.fluoridealert.org/Alert/United-States/Georgia/Atlanta-Civil-Rights-Leaders-Callfor- Halt-to-Water-Fluoridation) 39.Minorities are not being warned about their vulnerabilities to fluoride. The CDC is not warning black and Mexican-American children that they have higher rates of dental fluorosis than Caucasian children (see #38). This extra vulnerability may extend to other toxic effects of fluoride. Black Americans have higher rates of lactose intolerance, kidney problems and diabetes, all of which may exacerbate fluoride's toxicity. 40.Tooth decay reflects low-income not low-fluoride intake. Since dental decay is most concentrated in poor communities, we should be spending our efforts trying to increase the access to dental care for low-income families. The highest rates of tooth decay today can be found in low-income areas that have been fluoridated for many years. The real "Oral Health Crisis" that exists today in the United States, is not a lack of fluoride but poverty and lack of dental insurance. The Surgeon General has estimated that 80% of dentists in the US do not treat children on Medicaid. The largely untested chemicals used in fluoridation programs 41.The chemicals used to fluoridate water are not pharmaceutical grade. Instead, they largely come from the wet scrubbing systems of the phosphate fertilizer industry. These chemicals (90% of which are sodium fluorosilicate and fluorosilicic acid), are classified hazardous wastes contaminated with various impurities. Recent testing by the National Sanitation Foundation suggest that the levels of arsenic in these silicon fluorides are relatively high (up to 1.6 ppb after dilution into public water) and of potential concern (NSF 2000 and Wang 2000). Arsenic is a known human carcinogen for which there is no safe level. This one contaminant alone could be increasing cancer rates – and unnecessarily so. 42.The silicon fluorides have not been tested comprehensively. The chemical usually tested in animal studies is pharmaceutical grade sodium fluoride, not industrial grade fluorosilicic acid. Proponents claim that once the silicon fluorides have been diluted at the public water works they are completely dissociated to free fluoride ions and hydrated silica and thus there is no need to examine the toxicology of these compounds. However, while a study from the University of Michigan (Finney et al., 2006) showed complete dissociation at neutral pH, in acidic conditions (pH 3) there was a stable complex containing five fluoride ions. Thus the possibility arises that such a complex may be regenerated in the stomach where the pH lies between 1 and 2. 43.The silicon fluorides may increase lead uptake into children's blood. Studies by Masters and Coplan 1999, 2000, 2007 show an association between the use of fluorosilicic acid (and its sodium salt) to fluoridate water and an increased uptake of lead into children's blood. Because of lead's acknowledged ability to damage the developing brain, this is a very serious finding. Nevertheless, it is being largely ignored by fluoridating countries. This association received some strong biochemical support from an animal study by Sawan et al. (2010) who found that exposure of rats to a combination of fluorosilicic acid and lead in their drinking water increased the uptake of lead into blood some threefold over exposure to lead alone. 44.Fluoride may leach lead from pipes, brass fittings and soldered joints. Maas et al (2007) have shown that fluoridating agents in combination with chlorinating agents such as chloroamine increase the leaching of lead from brass fittings used in plumbing. While proponents may argue about the neurotoxic effects of low levels of fluoride there is no argument that lead at very low levels lowers IQ in children. Continued promotion of fluoridation is unscientific 45.Key health studies have not been done. In the January 2008 issue of Scientific American, Professor John Doull, the chairman of the important 2006 National Research Council review, Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Review of EPA's Standards, is quoted as saying: What the committee found is that we've gone with the status quo regarding fluoride for many years—for too long really—and now we need to take a fresh look . . . In the scientific community people tend to think this is settled. I mean, when the U.S. surgeon general comes out and says this is one of the top 10 greatest achievements of the 20th century, that's a hard hurdle to get over. But when we looked at the studies that have been done, we found that many of these questions are unsettled and we have much less information than we should, considering how long this [fluoridation] has been going on. The absence of studies is being used by promoters as meaning the absence of harm. This is an irresponsible position. 46.Endorsements do not represent scientific evidence. Many of those promoting fluoridation rely heavily on a list of endorsements. However, the U.S. PHS first endorsed fluoridation in 1950, before one single trial had been completed and before any significant health studies had been published (see chapters 9 and 10 in The Case Against Fluoride for the significance of this PHS endorsement for the future promotion of fluoridation). Many other endorsements swiftly followed with little evidence of any scientific rational for doing so. The continued use of these endorsements has more to do with political science than medical science. 47.Review panels hand-picked to deliver a pro-fluoridation result. Every so often, particularly when their fluoridation program is under threat, governments of fluoridating countries hand-pick panels to deliver reports that provide the necessary re-endorsement of the practice. In their recent book Fluoride Wars (2009), which is otherwise slanted toward fluoridation, Alan Freeze and Jay Lehr concede this point when they write: There is one anti-fluoridationist charge that does have some truth to it. Anti-fluoride forces have always claimed that the many government-sponsored review panels set up over the years to assess the costs and benefits of fluoridation were stacked in favor of fluoridation. A review of the membership of the various panels confirms this charge. The expert committees that put together reports by the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1941, 1944 and 1954; the National Academy of Sciences in 1951, 1971, 1977 and 1993; the World Health Organization in 1958 and 1970; and the U.S. Public Health Service in 1991 are rife with the names of well-known medical and dental researchers who actively campaigned on behalf of fluoridation or whose research was held in high regard in the pro-fluoridation movement. Membership was interlocking and incestuous. The most recent examples of these self-fulfilling prophecies have come from the Irish Fluoridation Forum (2002); the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, 2007) and Health Canada (2008, 2010). The latter used a panel of six experts to review the health literature. Four of the six were pro-fluoridation dentists and the other two had no demonstrated expertise on fluoride. A notable exception to this trend was the appointment by the U.S. National Research Council of the first balanced panel of experts ever selected to look at fluoride's toxicity in the U.S. This panel of twelve reviewed the US EPA's safe drinking water standards for fluoride. After three and half years the panel concluded in a 507- page report that the safe drinking water standard was not protective of health and a new maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) should be determined (NRC, 2006). If normal toxicological procedures and appropriate margins of safety were applied to their findings this report should spell an end to water fluoridation. Unfortunately in January of 2011 the US EPA Office of Water made it clear that they would not determine a value for the MCLG that would jeopardize the water fluoridation program (EPA press release, Jan 7, 2011. Once again politics was allowed to trump science. More and more independent scientists oppose fluoridation 48.Many scientists oppose fluoridation. Proponents of fluoridation have maintained for many years— despite the fact that the earliest opponents of fluoridation were biochemists—that the only people opposed to fluoridation are not bona fide scientists. Today, as more and more scientists, doctors, dentists and other professionals, read the primary literature for themselves, rather than relying on self-serving statements from the ADA and the CDC, they are realizing that they and the general public have not been diligently informed by their professional bodies on this subject. As of July 2011, over 3700 professionals have signed a statement calling for an end to water fluoridation worldwide. This statement and a list of signatories can be found on the website of the Fluoride Action Network (see: www.FluorideAlert.org). A glimpse of the caliber of those opposing fluoridation can be gleaned by watching the 28-minute video "Professional Perspectives on Water fluoridation" which can be viewed online at the same FAN site. Proponents' dubious tactics 49.Proponents usually refuse to defend fluoridation in open debate. While pro-fluoridation officials continue to promote fluoridation with undiminished fervor, they usually refuse to defend the practice in open public debate – even when challenged to do so by organizations such as the Association for Science in the Public Interest, the American College of Toxicology, or the U.S. EPA (Bryson 2004). According to Dr. Michael Easley, a prominent lobbyist for fluoridation in the US, "Debates give the illusion that a scientific controversy exists when no credible people support the fluorophobics' view" (Easley, 1999). In light of proponents' refusal to debate this issue, Dr. Edward Groth, a Senior Scientist at Consumers Union, observed that, "the political profluoridation stance has evolved into a dogmatic, authoritarian, essentially antiscientific posture, one that discourages open debate of scientific issues" (Martin 1991). 50.Proponents use very dubious tactics to promote fluoridation. Many scientists, doctors and dentists who have spoken out publicly on this issue have been subjected to censorship and intimidation (Martin 1991). Dr. Phyllis Mullenix was fired from her position as Chair of Toxicology at Forsythe Dental Center for publishing her findings on fluoride and the brain (Mullenix 1995); and Dr. William Marcus was fired from the EPA for questioning the government's handling of the NTP's fluoride-cancer study (Bryson 2004). Many dentists and even doctors tell opponents in private that they are opposed to this practice but dare not speak out in public because of peer pressure and the fear of recriminations. Tactics like this would not be necessary if those promoting fluoridation were on secure scientific and ethical grounds. Conclusion When it comes to controversies surrounding toxic chemicals, vested interests traditionally do their very best to discount animal studies and quibble with epidemiological findings. In the past, political pressures have led government agencies to drag their feet on regulating asbestos, benzene, DDT, PCBs, tetraethyl lead, tobacco and dioxins. With fluoridation we have had a sixty-year delay. Unfortunately, because government officials and dental leaders have put so much of their credibility on the line defending fluoridation, and because of the huge liabilities waiting in the wings if they admit that fluoridation has caused an increase in hip fracture, arthritis, bone cancer, brain disorders or thyroid problems, it will be very difficult for them to speak honestly and openly about the issue. But they must, not only to protect millions of people from unnecessary harm, but to protect the notion that, at its core, public health policy must be based on sound science not political expediency. They have a tool with which to do this: it's called the Precautionary Principle. Simply put, this says: if in doubt leave it out. This is what most European countries have done and their children's teeth have not suffered, while their public's trust has been strengthened. Just how much doubt is needed on just one of the health concerns identified above, to override a benefit, which when quantified in the largest survey ever conducted in the US, amounts to less than one tooth surface (out of 128) in a child's mouth? While fluoridation may not be the greatest environmental health threat, it is one of the easiest to end. It is as easy as turning off a spigot in the public water works. But to turn off that spigot takes political will and to get that we need masses more people informed and organized. Please get these 50 reasons to all your friends and encourage them to get fluoride out of their community and to help ban this practice worldwide. Postscript Further arguments against fluoridation, can be viewed at http://www.fluoridealert.org and in the book The Case Against Fluoridation (Chelsea Green, 2010).